Waveform moment analysis in psychophysiological research.

Cacioppo, John T.; Dorfman, Donald D.

doi:10.1037/0033-2909.102.3.421

Cited by 42 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…It was difficult to adopt a curve-fitting procedure (e.g., utilizing Gaussian function) for the estimation of PSE SL-LS because the results obtained from 10 (four from French-speaking and six from Japanese-speaking) participants did not conform to a bell-shaped function (i.e., showed no clear peak). 4 Alternatively, we estimated PSE SL-LS with the following formula according to the arithmetic average method (Guilford, 1954), which was equivalent with the estimation of the first moment in the waveform moment analysis (Birngruber, Schröter, & Ulrich, 2015;Cacioppo & Dorfman, 1987):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived empty duration between sounds of different lengths: Possible relation with repetition and rhythmic grouping

Kuroda

Tomimatsu

Grondin

et al. 2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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We investigated how perceived duration of empty time intervals would be modulated by the length of sounds marking those intervals. Three sounds were successively presented in Experiment 1. Each sound was short (S) or long (L), and the temporal position of the middle sound's onset was varied. The lengthening of each sound resulted in delayed perception of the onset; thus, the middle sound's onset had to be presented earlier in the SLS than in the LSL sequence so that participants perceived the three sounds as presented at equal interonset intervals. In Experiment 2, a short sound and a long sound were alternated repeatedly, and the relative duration of the SL interval to the LS interval was varied. This repeated sequence was perceived as consisting of equal interonset intervals when the onsets of all sounds were aligned at physically equal intervals. If the same onset delay as in the preceding experiment had occurred, participants should have perceived equality between the interonset intervals in the repeated sequence when the SL interval was physically shortened relative to the LS interval. The effects of sound length seemed to be canceled out when the presentation of intervals was repeated. Finally, the perceived duration of the interonset intervals in the repeated sequence was not influenced by whether the participant's native language was French or Japanese, or by how the repeated sequence was perceptually segmented into rhythmic groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived empty duration between sounds of different lengths: Possible relation with repetition and rhythmic grouping

Kuroda

Tomimatsu

Grondin

et al. 2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…The mean RTs as a function of comparison durations formed an inverted Ushaped function illustrating that participants were slower to judge targets that were similar to the standard duration than very short and very long targets. We determined the first moment of this comparison duration-RT function, using the Waveform Moment Analysis (Cacioppo and Dorfman 1987;Ulrich et al 1995). This moment represents the point on the x-axis at which the mean of a bell-shaped function is located (see Birngruber et al 2014a andDyjas andUlrich 2014, for other applications).…”

Section: Apparatus Stimuli and Durationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing a control condition in the classic oddball paradigm: Oddballs are overestimated in duration not only because of their oddness

Birngruber

Schröter

Ulrich

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Three experiments assessed whether participants perceive infrequent stimuli (oddballs) to last longer than frequent ones (standards). The classical oddball paradigm was modified so that participants judged the duration of a target stimulus which could either be a standard or an oddball. The target was always the fifth stimulus in the stream and all stimuli were presented at predefined spatial positions. These modifications enabled a direct comparison of duration judgments for oddballs and standards. In Experiments 1 and 2 not only the duration of oddballs but also the duration of standards was overestimated by virtually the same amount. In other words, the overestimation of oddballs was not due to their oddness but reflected a different temporal dilation such as the negative time-order error. In Experiment 3, all stimuli were presented at the same spatial position. Again, both oddballs and standards were overestimated, however, oddballs more so. The present results highlight the importance of comparing the judged duration of oddballs and standards when evaluating the size of the genuine oddball effect. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the occurrence of temporal oddball effects can depend on spatial features of stimulus presentation. Keywords Time perception · Oddball effect · Stimulus frequencyPrevious research has indicated that people tend to overestimate the duration of deviant stimuli appearing in a series of repeated standard stimuli (Birngruber et al. 2014a;Chen and Yeh 2009;Kim and McAuley 2013;New and Scholl 2009;Pariyadath and Eagleman 2007;Schindel et al. 2011; T. Birngruber ( ) · H. Schröter · R. Ulrich University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany e-mail: teresa.birngruber@uni-tuebingen.de Tse et al. 2004). Tse et al. first introduced a paradigm that revealed this oddball effect (OE). In this paradigm, participants were presented a stream of standard stimuli, for example small black disks, in the center of a computer screen. All standard stimuli were presented for a constant standard duration. At random positions within this stream, single oddball stimuli, for example expanding black disks, were presented for varying comparison durations. The participants' task was to judge whether the oddballs were shorter or longer in duration than the standard stimuli. Tse et al. observed overestimations of the oddballs' duration in the order of 35 %. This basic effect has not only been observed for expanding disks but also for stationary oddballs which only deviated from the standards in shape or color (Birngruber et al. 2014a;Chen and Yeh 2009;Schindel et al. 2011).However, follow-up studies have usually reported distinctly smaller OEs than those reported by Tse et al. (2004). In their original study, Tse et al. employed comparison durations that were mostly shorter than the standard duration. Such an asymmetric arrangement of comparison durations can result in the so-called asymmetry effect (Guilford 1954) and thus artificially inflate the size of the OE. Accordingly, Seifried and Ulrich (2010) ob...

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“…In 1983, Cacioppo, Marshall-Goodell and Dorfman [82] analyzed among a number of parameters, the skewness and kurtosis of skeletal muscle patterns, recorded through EMGs. Four years later, an article by Cacioppo and Dorfman [81] that discussed "waveform moment analysis in psychophysiological research" in general. In 1989, Hess et al [278] conducted research toward experiencing and showing happy feelings, also using video segments.…”

Section: Comparison With the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, differences in emotions or feelings are usually reflected in various statistical parameters, but not necessarily in all of the ones tested (cf. [81,82,278]). Why the effect over all statistical parameters only occurred for the zygomaticus major activity in the present experiment is not a priori clear; maybe effects of signal resolution played a role, maybe it is related to the fact that positive emotions are more overtly expressed in our culture [450].…”

Section: Interpreting the Signals Measuredmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affective signal processing (ASP) : unraveling the mystery of emotions

Broek¹

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Waveform moment analysis in psychophysiological research.

Cited by 42 publications

References 50 publications

Perceived empty duration between sounds of different lengths: Possible relation with repetition and rhythmic grouping

Perceived empty duration between sounds of different lengths: Possible relation with repetition and rhythmic grouping

Introducing a control condition in the classic oddball paradigm: Oddballs are overestimated in duration not only because of their oddness

Affective signal processing (ASP) : unraveling the mystery of emotions

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