Wave hindcast experiments in the Indian Ocean using MIKE 21 SW model

Abstract

Wave prediction and hindcast studies are important in ocean engineering, coastal infrastructure development and management. In view of sparse and infrequent in-situ observations, model derived hindcast wave data can be used for the assessment of wave climate in offshore and coastal areas. In the present study, MIKE 21 SW Model has been used to carry out wave hindcast experiments in the Indian Ocean. Model runs have been made for the year 2005 using QuickSCAT scatterometer winds blended with ECMWF model winds. In order to study the impact of southern ocean swells, the model has been run in two different domains, with the southern boundary being shifted far south for the Domain 60S model. The model simulated wave parameters have been validated by comparing with buoy and altimeter data and various statistical yardsticks have been employed to quantify the validation. Possible reason for the poorer performance of the model in the Arabian Sea has also been pointed out.

Wave Hindcast Experiments Using Wam Cycle 4.5.3 - Validation with In situ Measurements in the North Indian Ocean

“…Bias is positive (DS1, DS2, SW1, SW4, DS3) and negative for SW5 (-0.01) and SW6 (-0.19). Remya et al, [43] have reported similar studies for Indian Ocean region in which the Bay of Bengal statistics shows a very good agreement with buoy data especially in the case of Hs with a low RMSE of 0.29 m, high correlation of 0.91 and a very small bias of -0.04 m. PE is lower in all cases (<10%) except in one case SW6, where it is 18.3%. The MPI in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal is strong enough.…”

“…The MPI in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal is strong enough. Here it may be noted that, the results of MIKE 21 SW (WAM physics) hindcast in the Indian Ocean for the year 2005 using QuickSCAT blended ECMWF winds revealed that the model performance was satisfactory with reasonable confidence [43].…”

“…A detailed statistical error analysis was performed for each dataset to evaluate the model performance. Various statistical measures such as Coefficient of Correlation (R), Scatter Index (SI), Bias (B, mean error), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Percentage Error (PE) and Model Performance Index (MPI) between measurements and model computed parameters are examined extensively to evaluate the model hindcasts as practiced by many investigators in the earlier studies [8,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Figures 12-15 show the comparisons between the observed and predicted wave parameters (Hs and Tc) at 6 hourly intervals for the period 01-31 January 01-30 April, 01-31 July and 01-31 October 2000 respectively.…”

Wave Hindcasting Using WAM and WAVEWATCH III: A Comparison Study Utilizing Oceansat-2 (OSCAT) Winds

“…The quality of wave prediction and analysis is also being continuously improved mainly due to the availability of high quality input wind fields for sea-state prediction with the advancement of satellite measurements/oceanography. In the Indian context, there are many reported important research contributions on wave prediction/ hindcasting using third generation wave models [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Characteristics of high monsoon wind-waves observed at multiple stations in the eastern Arabian Sea

“…The numerical models have become a tool to get long-term wave information in high-resolution (spatial and temporal) in areas devoid of measurements (Appendini et al, 2014). The numerical models such as Wave Action Model (WAM) (WAMDI Group, 1988), WAVEWATCH III (WW3) (Tolman, 1991;, Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (Booij et al, 1999), MIKE21 Spectral Waves (DHI, 2011) are 20 commonly used (Chawla et al, 2007) and several wave hindcast studies were carried out in the Arabian Sea in the past (Remya et al, 2012;Sandhya et al, 2014;Samiksha et al, 2015;Amrutha et al, 2016). Recently, ocean state forecast has gained significance and has become a challenging task, considering the range of wide user community and varied demands (Amrutha et al, 2016).…”