Waterlogging and coastal salinity management through land shaping and cropping intensification in climatically vulnerable Indian Sundarbans

Mandal, Uttam Kumar; Burman, D.; Bhardwaj, Ajay Kumar; Nayak, Dibyendu Bikas; Samui, Arpan; Mullick, Sourav; Mahanta, K. K.; Lama, T.D.; Maji, B.; Mandal, Subhasis; Raut, Shishir; Sarangi, Sukanta K.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2019.01.012

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the coastal areas, seawater ingress into the fresh water aquifers and crop lands due to sea level rise and cyclonic events is a challenge which gets accentuated by climate change (Mandal, Nayak, et al, 2018). The precise delineation of climate change effects and development of adaptive strategies, especially for crop production and farmer livelihood security reduces the vulnerability of coastal SASs to climate‐induced risks (Mandal et al, 2019). Climate change has caused an increase in the extent of SASs in various states of India.…”

Section: Emerging Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of salt‐affected soils in India: Progress, emerging challenges, and future strategies

et al. 2022

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India is facing economic losses of $US ~ 3.0 billion annually due to the existence of ~ 6.73 million ha of un‐reclaimed salt‐affected soils (SASs). The losses may go up significantly as future projections indicate an increase in the area of SASs to the extent of ~16 million ha by 2050, due to the impact of faulty irrigation practices and climate change. Managing the SASs is one of the major challenges in achieving land degradation neutrality, increasing crop productivity, and sustaining food security in India. Although the problem of SASs has been reduced to some extent through various technological interventions yet further efforts are needed for developing new avenues to further improve the productivity and restrict the expansion of salinity to new areas. The major interventions including application of various ameliorants, growing salt‐tolerant crops and cultivars, installation of sub‐surface drainage, adoption of alternate land‐use systems, and use of land shaping techniques have made significant impact nation‐wide in term of reclamation and productivity enhancement. Despite the achieved success in restoring the productivity of SASs, several constraints at the regional and national level have plagued the reclamation progress. The objective of this review is to compile relevant information available on the use and success of technological interventions to restore SASs. The emerging challenges, and the strategies that would be needed to address the problem of SASs in India are also discussed. This review may help India achieve the Sustainable Development Goals outlined by the UN for land degradation neutrality and food security.

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Section: Emerging Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of salt‐affected soils in India: Progress, emerging challenges, and future strategies

et al. 2022

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“…but it's mainly concentrated in central parts (Mathurapur-I, Mathurapu-II, Canning-II and Kultali blocks) and north-east (Sandeshkhali-II and Gosaba blocks) portion of the study area. The gains of Rabi Cropland around these areas were particularly due to introducing land shaping techniques (Mandal et al, 2019), land embankment cultivation of vegetables and increase of irrigation facility through rainwater harvesting and shallow tube-well irrigation (Annual Report of Nimpith KVK 2019). During the same time period, the Current Fallow gained and lost 2.23% and 12.53% of the total area, respectively (Table 5).…”

Section: Accuracy Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8.14% (782.75 km2) of current fallow land of the total area in 2021, decreased from 18.45% (1773.98 km2) in 2001. Therefore, it was discovered that the area underneath current fallow land continually declined by roughly 56% between 2001 and 2021, with the majority of the land being converted to cropland as a direct consequence of irrigation system expansion and high market need for Rabi crops(Mandal et al, 2019). The Rabi season's land use and land cover statistics also revealed a signi cant decrease in the amount of mangroves (8%) and vegetation (31%).…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal cropland transformation and long-term surveillance of land-use/land cover alterations in the Indian Sundarban region

Molla

Rukhsana

2022

Preprint

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In the Indian Sundarban region, the current study investigates the long-term dynamics of seasonal (Kharif and rabi) land use/land cover change and spatial change of seasonal croplands. Based on the Random Forest (RF) classifier, LULC classes has divided into eight categories. Cropland's spatial and temporal dynamicity has been generated using Land Change Modeler in TerrSet throughout the past 20 years (2000/01-2020/2021). With the aid of a confusion matrix, classification accuracy has been tested and shown to be quite acceptable and effective in identifying the long-term land-use change in the study area. It has been discovered that during the Kharif seasons (November 2000 to November 2020), waterlogged, built-up, and cropland expanded by approximately 57% (99.14 km2), 23% (126.06 km2), and 2% (29.90 km2), respectively, at the expense of current fallow, vegetation, and mudflats, which decreased by roughly 28% (81.9 km2), 11% (78.68 km2), and 10% (60.14 km2), respectively. Croplands and current fallows were the most dynamic land changes throughout the Rabi season (February 2001 to February 2021), increasing by about 102% (522.28 km), while the area now in fallow steadily decreased by about 56% (991.23 km) between 2001 and 2021. The analysis of cropland changes reveals that the most changes in cropland have been recorded in the populated area's central, northern, and northeastern regions. The results of this study will help develop agricultural and environmental management methods to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem and agriculture resources.

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“…Abiotic stress in swampland is affected by waterlogging and high salt concentration. Waterlogging affects deficit O2 in the soil, caused inhibits root growth, and decreased nutrition uptake to shoots (Mandal et al 2019). This condition was exacerbated by high salt concentration in the water and soil.…”

Section: Variety and Water Depth In The Coastal Agriculture Land Promote Better Growth Rice Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

The agro-physiological characteristics of three rice varieties affected by water depth in the coastal agricultural land of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Nasrudin¹,

Kurniasih

2021

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Nasrudin, Kurniasih B. 2021. The agro-physiological characteristics of three rice varieties affected by water depth in the coastal agricultural land of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3656-3662. Coastal agricultural land has many obstacles of abiotic stress for plant cultivation, including waterlogging, strong wind, and high salt concentration. Therefore, the use of adaptive rice varieties, as well as good land management, are expected to be a solution for rice cultivation in the coastal agricultural land. The objective of this study was to examine the agro-physiological characteristics of three rice varieties planted in coastal agricultural land which were affected by water salinity up to more than 10 dS m-1. This study was conducted from February to July 2017 at Tirtohargo, Bantul District, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design, with the depths of sunken-bed as a main plot consisted of 25 cm and 50 cm, and variety as a subplot consisted of IR 64, Inpara 4, and Dendang. The experiment results showed that Dendang had the highest growth and yield in coastal agricultural land compared to Inpara 4 and IR64. The highest value is indicated in plant height, leaf area, proline content, and productivity. The depths 50 cm of sunken-bed increased leaf area and proline content, whereas the depths of 25 cm sunken-bed increased productivity. Dendang showed better agro-physiological activity and had the highest productivity. The depths of 50 cm increased several parameters in agro-physiological characteristics, however, the depths of 25 cm increased grain yield. Among the varieties tested, in salinity, the highest growth and yield variables were shown by Dendang, followed by IR 64 and Inpara 4.

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Waterlogging and coastal salinity management through land shaping and cropping intensification in climatically vulnerable Indian Sundarbans

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Reclamation of salt‐affected soils in India: Progress, emerging challenges, and future strategies

Reclamation of salt‐affected soils in India: Progress, emerging challenges, and future strategies

Seasonal cropland transformation and long-term surveillance of land-use/land cover alterations in the Indian Sundarban region

The agro-physiological characteristics of three rice varieties affected by water depth in the coastal agricultural land of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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