Watering Regime Influence on Sustainability of Floristic Structure of Special Nature Reserve “Obedska Bara

Soil moisture regime in lowland forests – quantity and availability of water

“…Dubravac and Dekanić (2009) outlined the occurence of intensive sanitary fellings of pedunculate oak stems in Spačva (Croatia) for period [1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006] very sensitive to oak mortality and decline; 2. the greatest rate of mortality was recorded by oaks located at microtopographically lowest positions. Pilaš et al (2007) found that groundwater level significantly affects decline and dieback of oak forests in Croatia, while many authors claimed that the most intensive decline and dieback of oak forests in Srem was related to low content of easily available water (Letić et al, 2014;Nikolić, 2016;Nikolić and Jokanović, 2019). Čermak and Fer (2007) explained the changing of root morphology by pedunculate oak with age and its linkage to mechanisms of water adsorption -young individuals are characterized by the taproot, while adults have heartshaped root system, so the change in the manner of water uptake can only be related to environmental changes.…”

“…Water balance is actually closely related to the quantity of water absorbed by the root system and the quantity of water released by transpiration from aerial parts of the plant (Nikolić Jokanović, 2021). Water is especially important in the belt of lowland forests that are usually located in flooding areas and in these ecosystems significant variations in the amount of the soil moisture affect vegetation succession (Hrvoľ et al, 2009;Nikolić and Jokanović, 2019). The water content in the soil is related to the mutual interaction of the solid, liquid and gaseous phases of water and soil, then to the movement of moisture in the soil, as well as to the processes related to the exchange of moisture between the soil and the surrounding environment (Gomez et al, 2009;Taiz et al, 2018).…”

Monitoring of the Surface Water Regime of the Sava River Alluvium in Serbia Using Geographic Information System (GIS) Techniques

“…Surfaces from which water does not run off gradually increase, and at 74.4 m above sea level, these areas occupy about 21.34 ha, with a volume of about 156,978.26 m 3 . After the water level drops by 40 cm (Figure 9a), the area increases to about 277.51 ha with a volume of about 1,146,889.91 m 3 , while at a water level of 73 m above sea level (Figure 10a), the areas under water occupy about 525.99 ha, with a volume of about 2,401,056.00 m 3 .…”

“…Two factors are connected with water balance-the water content absorbed by the root system and the water content released during transpiration from the above-ground parts of the plant [2]. Lowland forests, which are mainly located in flooding areas, are closely dependent on the changeable quantity of soil moisture [3]. Many papers have confirmed that climate change is greatly affecting the environment [4][5][6][7].…”