Water-vapor line broadening and shifting by air, nitrogen, oxygen, and argon in the 720-nm wavelength region

Grossmann, Benoist E.; Browell, E. V.

doi:10.1016/0022-2852(89)90019-2

Cited by 140 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…All line positions are pressureshifted. Self-shifts for water were found [20,21,22] ¢ as lines stronger than this in our spectrum show effects due to approaching saturation. There is good agreement between our data and the corrected HITRAN for lines in the intensity range…”

Section: Parametersmentioning

confidence: 42%

“…Although the Doppler contribution to a Voigt profile caused by the motion of the particles can generally be calculated and only the Lorentzian being fitted, the effect of collisional narrowing [20,21,22] can be strong enough to seriously distort standard Voigt line profiles, see [23].…”

Section: Line Parameter Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collisional narrowing has been observed for the water molecule for a small number of lines [20,21,22] and found to vary between 0.005-0.015 cm ¢ atm ¢ . Without an exact knowledge of the latter for the majority of lines, the effect can however not generally be simulated and included in our line fits.…”

Section: Line Parameter Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Weak Line Water Vapor Spectrum in the 11 787–13 554 cm−1 Region

Tolchenov

Tennyson

Brault

et al. 2002

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Parametersmentioning

confidence: 42%

Section: Line Parameter Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Weak Line Water Vapor Spectrum in the 11 787–13 554 cm−1 Region

Tolchenov

Tennyson

Brault

et al. 2002

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The DIAL technique is self-calibrating: the measurements depend only on knowledge of the water vapor differential absorption cross section. By laboratory measurements, the line strength of the cross section can be determined to an accuracy of about 2% in the near-infrared spectral region (Grossmann and Browell 1989). Measurements in other regions of interest can be performed with the same accuracy.…”

Section: Wales Observation Characteris-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Advances Foreseen in Humidity Profiling From the Water Vapour Lidar Experiment in Space (Wales)

Gérard¹,

Tan²,

Garand³

et al. 2004

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first active humidity profiling system in space is being developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) in the horizon of 2010. Data quality in terms of vertical resolution, accuracy, low bias, and vertical extent is expected to be unsurpassed. There are pressing needs for high-quality water vapor observations to fulfill societal and scientific requirements in environmental understanding and operational weather prediction. At one level, these needs arise from requirements for more reliable information about the earth's climate system (Houghton et al. 1996(Houghton et al. ,2001) and closely related needs for improved weather forecasts (Weckwerth et al. 1999;Koch et al. 1997;Bell and Hammon 1989 (GEWEX 1998a,b; WCRP 2000).Data obtained from ground-based and airborne differential absorption lidars (DIALs) have proven the ability of the DIAL technique to meet these needs in terms of good vertical resolution, high precision, and low bias (Browell and Ismail 1995;Wulfmeyer and Bosenberg 1998;Ehret et al. 1999; Bruneau et al. 2001a,b). We argue that a spaceborne DIAL in the 2008-12 time frame would be a major advance, by achieving global coverage together with the high quality offered from the active remote sensing technique (Browell et al. 1998 The objective of this paper is not to report on technical solutions, but rather to show that the WALES mission will be of substantial benefit to both NWP and climate research. It is well recognized that water vapor effects dominate the earth's climate. Water vapor's radiative properties make it the most important greenhouse gas, and it plays a direct role in other major atmospheric processes including the formation of clouds and precipitation, surface and chemical processes, and dynamics (see Fig. 1). Microphysical processes involving atmospheric aerosol and leading to the formation and development of cloud and precipitation are strongly dependent on the water vapor distribution. Atmospheric water vapor has both direct and indirect effects on the radiation budget of the atmosphere (Elliot and Gaffen 1995). Climate sensitivity to increasing C02 is primarily dependent on water vapor feedback mechanisms taking place in the middle and upper troposphere (Sinha and Harries 1995). Furthermore, atmospheric dynamics at all space scales is strongly dependent on the variability of the atmospheric humidity field. The water vapor distribution is determined by the hydrological cycle. Water vapor is much less well mixed than other greenhouse gases because of its strong links with temperature and because of the interactions between clouds, convection, and atmospheric transport, especially in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Because of these characteristics, water vapor has high variability in space and time. Together with its large dynamic range, this variability represents a major challenge for its observation.The main terrestrial sources of humidity data are currently land and ship synoptic reports, buoy data, and radiosonde soundings. Space-based humidity estimates are typi...

show abstract

“…To permit the subtraction of accumulated dark current and background light, "control" exposures are recorded in which conditions are identical except that no laser light is emitted into the atmosphere. shifts of-1 pm atto 'l are common for transitions in the 720 nm region [Bosenberg, 1985;Grossman and Browell, 1989]. This is a large effect for the narrow water vapor absorption features, and it must be accounted for in the calculation of the effective cross section.…”

Section: Acquisition Of Absorption Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband lidar measurements of tropospheric water vapor profiles

South¹,

Povey²,

Jones³

1998

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A new technique has been developed for the measurement of vertical profiles of water vapor in the troposphere. The method, which is also appropriate for the measurement of gases such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide, is based on the application of differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) to backscattered photons from a broadband lidar (10-20 nm at full width half maximum) operating in the UV-visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. ANd: YAG pumped broadband dye laser is used as the light source, and backscattered photons from the atmosphere are both time and spectrally resolved using an imaging spectrometer with a chargecoupled device (CCD) detector. The new broadband lidar circumvents many of the difficulties and inaccuracies involved with traditional narrowband differential absorption lidar (DIAL) water vapor observations, for example, the laser bandwidth and wavelength-positioning requirements demanded by the narrowness of the water vapor transitions. Water vapor mixing ratio profiles measured over Cambridge, England, in 1996 with the new instrument demonstrate good levels of agreement with quasi-simultaneous radiosonde profiles from nearby weather stations.

show abstract

Water-vapor line broadening and shifting by air, nitrogen, oxygen, and argon in the 720-nm wavelength region

Cited by 140 publications

References 42 publications

Weak Line Water Vapor Spectrum in the 11 787–13 554 cm−1 Region

Weak Line Water Vapor Spectrum in the 11 787–13 554 cm−1 Region

Major Advances Foreseen in Humidity Profiling From the Water Vapour Lidar Experiment in Space (Wales)

Broadband lidar measurements of tropospheric water vapor profiles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About