Water uptake in masonry: effect of brick/mortar interface

Zhou, Xiaohai; Desmarais, Guylaine; Vontobel, Peter; Carmeliet, Jan; Derome, Dominique

doi:10.14305/ibpc.2018.be-2.06

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Quantifying an IR is a complex procedure and therefore only a limited number of case-specific results are reported in the literature. The IR between a CB and a cement mortar was quantified for several curing conditions by Derluyn et al (2011), and for a similar combination it was reported for several orientations by Zhou et al (2018) based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Qui et al have defined the IR between aerated autoclaved concrete and a lime cement mortar.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 74%

“…Some authors prefer the approach for which the IR is seen as a separate resistance that hampers moisture transport between two materials (equation (2)) (Qiu et al, 2003; Vereecken and Roels, 2013; Zhou et al, 2018). Other authors have found that for high precision calculations, the IR must be combined with modifications in the material properties of the adjacent materials as the IR and the adjacent material properties are influenced by the curing conditions of the mortar (Janssen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As can be seen in Table 1, the magnitudes of the values found for the IR in the literature differ drastically. Zhou et al (2018) concluded that: “It is found that interface resistance seems to be affected by the capillary pressure at the interface, and not by the orientation of the interface. A lower capillary pressure at the interface will lead to a larger interface resistance.” Note that capillary pressure is a suction force and thereby expressed as a negative value.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“… a The authors refer to the study by Zhou et al (2018) for further details concerning the orientation and sample composition. …”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquid moisture transport in combined ceramic brick and natural hydraulic lime mortar samples: Does the hygric interface resistance dominate the moisture transport?

Calle

Kock

Cnudde

et al. 2019

Journal of Building Physics

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To reduce the energy use of the European building stock, a large potential can be found in the renovation of cultural heritage buildings. However, insulating these valuable masonry facades often increases the risk of moisture-related damage phenomena such as mold growth and frost damage. Therefore, detailed heat, air and moisture simulations are required to quantify and assess these risks. One of the unknown parameters in the simulations for historic masonries is the hygric interface resistance between the bricks and the lime mortars. Consequently, microfocus X-ray scans are performed during a capillary water absorption test on brick–lime mortar–brick samples to increase the insight into the moisture transport over the interface, dependent on the capillary pressure at the interface and the curing conditions of the mortar. The hygric interface resistance is found to be highly dependent on both capillary pressure and the curing conditions of the mortar. For the exact quantification of the interface resistance, highly detailed moisture transport and moisture storage properties of the brick and mortar are a prerequisite.

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Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“… a The authors refer to the study by Zhou et al (2018) for further details concerning the orientation and sample composition. …”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Liquid moisture transport in combined ceramic brick and natural hydraulic lime mortar samples: Does the hygric interface resistance dominate the moisture transport?

Calle

Kock

Cnudde

et al. 2019

Journal of Building Physics

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“…Laboratory testing has measured the interface resistance between 1.0E08 and 1.0E12 m/s (Calle, De Kock, Cnudde, and Van den Bossche, 2019;Derluyn, Janssen, and Carmeliet, 2011;Qiu, Haghighat, and Kumaran, 2003). Simulations have demonstrated the effect that the interface resistance have on moisture uptake (Vereecken and Roels, 2013;Zhou, Desmarais, Vontobel, Carmeliet, and Derome, 2018). These methods only consider moisture transfer across the interface and not parallel to it.…”

Section: Masonry Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Modelling of the Masonry Unit-Mortar Interface Using Hygrothermal Simulation

Gutland¹,

Bucking²,

Quintero³

2020

XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings

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Hygrothermal models are important tool for assessing the risk of moisture-related decay mechanisms in historic masonry structures. However, there are significant uncertainties in the process related to material properties, boundary conditions and quality of construction that effect confidence in the model's predictions compared to measured values. This paper examines one potential source of uncertainty; the imperfect nature of mortar joints in masonry walls, exemplified by such things as open joints, hairline cracks and imperfect bonds at the interface between mortar and unit. These are rarely considered in hygrothermal modelling in detail, where perfect interfaces are typically inferred. The premise is that at this interface, liquid transport behaviour is more similar to that of a fracture than that of a bundle of capillaries. These fractures of varying heights (or aperture) can affect transport into and out of the plane of the wall (perpendicular plane) and impede the liquid transport between mortar and the masonry unit (in-plane). This could lead to the "effective" moisture transport being different than what would be predicted using measured bulk material properties. A more detailed method for modelling this interface, borrowing techniques from the field of geohydrology is presented which demonstrates the effect that detailed modelling of the mortar joint has on moisture transport in masonry. A brick wall with cement mortar is studied. A twodimensional hygrothermal model was created to demonstrate the effect of increased liquid conductivity into the wall cause by fractures.

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Two-dimensional hygrothermal modelling of masonry walls accounting for imperfections at the masonry joint

2020

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Hygrothermal models are important tool for assessing the risk of moisture-related decay mechanisms such as freeze-thaw in historic masonry structures. There are several sources of uncertainty when modelling masonry, related to material properties, boundary conditions, quality of construction and twodimensional interactions between mortar and unit. This paper examines one potential source of uncertainty; the imperfect nature of mortar joints. This interface may feature hairline cracks or imperfect bonds which can be modelled as a fracture. This will alter the rate of liquid transport into and out of the wall and impede the liquid transport between mortar and masonry unit. This means that the “effective” liquid transport of the wall system will be different then if measured properties of the bulk material were modelled. A detailed methodology for modelling the interface as a fracture is presented including material property definition. Two-dimensional DELPHIN models of masonry walls were created to simulate this interaction with varying levels of fracture widths (apertures). A series of hygrothermal simulations were performed to demonstrate change in moisture profile from the baseline condition. A significant increase in moisture absorption was found. This was dependent on aperture size, material and the relative size of the masonry modelled.

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Water uptake in masonry: effect of brick/mortar interface

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Liquid moisture transport in combined ceramic brick and natural hydraulic lime mortar samples: Does the hygric interface resistance dominate the moisture transport?

Liquid moisture transport in combined ceramic brick and natural hydraulic lime mortar samples: Does the hygric interface resistance dominate the moisture transport?

Detailed Modelling of the Masonry Unit-Mortar Interface Using Hygrothermal Simulation

Two-dimensional hygrothermal modelling of masonry walls accounting for imperfections at the masonry joint

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