Water transport mechanism in liquid emulsion membrane process for the separation of amino acids

A new solution to emulsion liquid membrane problems by non‐Newtonian conversion

“…( 0 ) Swelling problems are reduced by a diminution in four of the following five swelling mechanisms, the first two of which were identified by Kinugasa et al (1989) and the remaining three by Itoh et al (1990):…”

“…Surfactant-stabilized emulsion liquid membrane processes constitute an emerging separation technology that has repeatedly been shown to be highly suited for such diverse separation processes as metal recovery or removal from dilute aqueous solutions (Gutknecht et al, 1986;Bart et al, 1986;Mikucki and Osseo-Asare, 1986a-c), separations in the food industry (Etuk and Murray, 19901, removal of organic bases and acids from water (Baird et al, 1987;Wang and Bunge, 1990), separation of hydrocarbons (Plucinski and Szust, 1988;Gupta et al, 1990), and pharmaceutical separations (Itoh et al, 1990;Thien et al, 1988). Some excellent recent reviews of the field include those by Frankenfeld and Li (1987), Noble and Way (19871, and Araki and Tsukube (1990).…”

“…This "swelling" constitutes a serious problem (Frankenfeld and Li, 1987;Itoh et al, 1990) because it increases the volume of emulsion to be handled, reduces the solute concentration in the swollen internal phase, increases the membrane breakage, and increases the agitation required to disperse the emulsion. Swelling mechanisms include three separate processes of external solvent permeation (osmosis) on the one hand (Itoh et al, 1990), and entrainment and secondaq emulsification of this solvent on the other (Kinugasa et al, 1989).…”

“…This "swelling" constitutes a serious problem (Frankenfeld and Li, 1987;Itoh et al, 1990) because it increases the volume of emulsion to be handled, reduces the solute concentration in the swollen internal phase, increases the membrane breakage, and increases the agitation required to disperse the emulsion. Swelling mechanisms include three separate processes of external solvent permeation (osmosis) on the one hand (Itoh et al, 1990), and entrainment and secondaq emulsification of this solvent on the other (Kinugasa et al, 1989). In this regard, several workers (Kinugasa et al, 1989;Tsuboi et al, 1987) have shown that substantial entrainment and secondary emulsification of the external phase solvent into the emulsion is dramatically suppressed by the presence of electrolytes in the external phase.…”

Amino‐acid extraction using D2EHPA: New description of equilibrium behavior

“…1986 . Recently, D2EHPA also has been found to be a good Ž carrier for the extraction of amino acids Itoh et al, 1990;Teramoto et al, 1991;Hong and Yang, 1994;Chan and Yang, . 1995;Shi et al, 1997 .…”