Water sustainability using pond-in-pond wastewater treatment system: Case studies

Adhikari, Kushal; Fedler, Clifford B.

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101281

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…More research is needed on Nordic rural climate adaptation and the management of climate impacts. However, based on research carried out in the USA, Australia, the United Kingdom and Ethiopia, recent events in the Nordic Region indicate that one of the areas to focus on for rural climate adaptation and management of climate impacts is the management of water, specifically (Adhikari & Fedler, 2020;Chen et al, 2014;Oven et al, 2012, Wilkinson et al, 2015. Water scarcity has not previously been a major problem in rural areas across the Nordic countries.…”

Section: Climate Adaptation and Management Of Climate Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential rural services in the Nordic Region – Challenges and opportunities

Slätmo¹,

Bogason²,

Vasilevskaya³

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Climate Adaptation and Management Of Climate Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential rural services in the Nordic Region – Challenges and opportunities

Slätmo¹,

Bogason²,

Vasilevskaya³

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The outer pond with an aerobic surface helps control the odor and allows for aerobic digestion of the volatile fatty acids produced by the anaerobic process. The previous study by the authors [16] provides a detailed discussion of the need for the PIP; and their later article [39] evaluates the applicability of the PIP for effluent reuse in irrigation through analysis of performance data for ponds with similar configurations.…”

Section: Wastewater Treatment Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PIP concept has been adopted for multiple purposes such as stream discharge, energy and nutrient recovery, and reuse of effluent on land application sites. Evaluation of existing PIP and PIP-like systems shows an average BOD removal above 80% while reducing the land area requirements for the pond by approximately 40% [39]. Yet, there has not been significant progress in the identifying design characteristics or configuration of such systems.…”

Section: Pond-in-pondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existing PIP systems typically have depths between 4 m (13 ft) to more than 6 m (20 ft) for the inner pond and about 3 to 5 m (9 to 15 ft) for the outer pond [16,28,39,42]. In addition to more complete degradation of organic matter, the increased depth also provides better control of vegetation and better inhibition of insect breeding.…”

Section: Pond Depth and Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

2-D modeling to understand the design configuration and flow dynamics of Pond-In-Pond (PIP) wastewater treatment system for reuse

Adhikari

Fedler

Asadi

2021

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water reuse for irrigation is increasingly recognized as an essential and economical strategy in areas with water scarcity. A simple, low cost, low-maintenance, and highly efficient Pond-In-Pond (PIP) treatment system can be used for wastewater reuse. PIP is a treatment technology in which two types of ponds --anaerobic and aerobic --are combined into a single pond and consists of a deeper inner section entirely submerged within the outer pond. Previous studies on PIPs and PIP-like systems have reinforced the potential for reuse through promising performance results with BOD removal over 80% and a reduction in land area requirements by approximately 40%. Yet, no prior efforts have been made to understand the performance mechanism of such systems. This study makes use of two, 2-D modeling tools in developing a fundamental understanding of PIP flow dynamics and the expected performance. The modeling results showed that the PIP configuration offers improved flow-diversion along with reduced flow velocity. Additionally, the PIP retained approximately 17% more (p<0.05) particles than the traditional pond with most of the particles concentrated within the inner pond. Lower velocity and the higher solids retention in the PIP thus allowed for better treatment performance compared to traditional ponds.The findings from this study can be used as preliminary data for future in-depth investigations of the PIP system leading toward effective and optimal designs. This will help address the major societal concern of water scarcity with low-cost and effective wastewater treatment.

show abstract

“…The decreasing available resources have posed serious challenges in the agricultural sector with limited water available for irrigation. As an alternative resource, the reuse of wastewater in irrigation has been increasingly recognized as an essential, and economical strategy (Adhikari & Fedler, 2020a, 2020bMehan, 2019;). However, only a small fraction of wastewater with less than 6% in the US (FAO, 2008) and less than 3% globally (FAO, 2016) is reclaimed; and the irrigation largely relies on groundwater sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Errors in the Prediction of Water Levels Using Kriging Technique in Residuals of the Groundwater Model (MODFLOW)

Asadi¹,

Adhikari²

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Groundwater monitoring and water level predictions have been a challenging issue due to the complexity of groundwater movement. Simplified numerical simulation models have been used to represent the groundwater system; these models however only provide the conservative approximation of the system and may not always capture the local variations. Several other efforts such as coupling groundwater models with hydrological models and using geostatistical methods are being practiced to accurately predict the groundwater levels. In this study, we present a novel application of geostatistical tool on residuals of groundwater model. Kriging method was applied on the residuals of the numerical model (MODFLOW) generated by the TWDB (Texas Water Development Board) for the Edwards-Trinity (Plateau) aquifer. The study was done for the years 1995 through 2000 where 90% of the observation data was used for model simulation followed by cross-validation with the remaining 10% of the observations. The kriging method reduced the average absolute error of approximately 31 m (for MODFLOW simulation) to less than 5 m. Also, the residuals’ average standard error reduced from 9.7 to 4.7. This implies that the mean value of residuals over entire period can be a good estimation for each year separately. The use of kriging technique thus can provide with improved monitoring of groundwater levels resulting in more accurate potentiometric surface maps.

show abstract

Water sustainability using pond-in-pond wastewater treatment system: Case studies

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Essential rural services in the Nordic Region – Challenges and opportunities

Essential rural services in the Nordic Region – Challenges and opportunities

2-D modeling to understand the design configuration and flow dynamics of Pond-In-Pond (PIP) wastewater treatment system for reuse

Minimizing Errors in the Prediction of Water Levels Using Kriging Technique in Residuals of the Groundwater Model (MODFLOW)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About