Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 2000
DOI: 10.1002/0471238961.1921161612091518.a01
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Water, Supply and Desalination

Abstract: Of the surface of the earth, 71% ( 3.60 × 10 8 km 2 ) is covered by oceans; their average depth is 6 km and their volume is 8.54 × 10 8 km 3 . Unfortunately, this huge quantity of water is not suitable for very many human uses. Water with over 1000 ppm (parts per million by weight, or mg/L) salt is usually considered unfit for human consumption, and water with over 500 ppm is considered undesirable, but in some parts of the world, people and land animals are forced to survive with much higher concentrations of… Show more

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