Water-soluble anionic polychloramide biocides based on maleic anhydride copolymers

He, Gaoyin; Tian, Lei; Fatona, Ayodele; Wu, Xiaozhi; Zhang, Hongfeng; Li, Jun; Fefer, Michael; Hosseinidoust, Zeinab; Pelton, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112487

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The polychloramides of interest are usually prepared by first synthesizing the polyamide followed by a chlorination step. 16 A series of polychloramides can be prepared from a given polyamide by varying the extent of chlorination. 21 Thus chlorine mass fraction, Cl mf , is an independent parameter.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of purification and characterization are given in our previous publication. 16 Table 3 summarizes both polymer properties and some MBCs. The polymer properties include Buffer Concentration.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purified polymers were then exposed to NaOCl giving chloride mass fractions of 2 or 9%. Details of purification and characterization are given in our previous publication Table summarizes both polymer properties and some MBCs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polychloramide structure prepared by derivatizing PEMA, with 2-propylamine, followed by chlorination …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed characterization including NMR, conductometric titration, elemental analysis, and redox titrations were used to characterize the products. The synthesis and characterization of the polychloramides are reported, in detail, in our previous publication, 16 and the polychloramide structure is shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the Impact of Polychloramide Solution Properties on Bacterial Disinfection Kinetics

Pelton

Tian

et al. 2022

Biomacromolecules

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Anionic water-soluble polychloramide biocides are of interest because, compared to conventional cationic antimicrobial polymers, anionic biocides are less likely to be sequestered or deactivated by contact with non-microbial soil. Although electrostatics can prevent anionic polymers from adsorbing on microbes, water-soluble polychloramides appear to transfer oxidative chlorine during transient contacts between polymer chains and microbe surfaces. The Chick–Watson model of disinfection kinetics has been modified to account for the contributions of polychloramide molecular weight (MW) and the polychloramide configuration in solution estimated from the overlap concentration, C*, below which dilute polymer chains exist as discrete objects in solution. The key assumption in the modeling was that the transfer rate of oxidative chlorine from polychloramide chains to microbe surfaces impacts the disinfection kinetics. Because both C* and MW are measurable, the polymer-modified Chick–Watson (PCW) model has one less unknown parameter than the two-parameter Chick–Watson equation. The PCW model predicts that lower MW polymers are more effective biocides compared with high MW counterparts. Additionally, polymers with more compressed configurations in solution are more effective biocides. Experimental evidence supports these conclusions. Based on the estimated time scale of bacteria/polymer collisions compared with disinfection kinetics, arguments are made that bacteria surfaces must be contracted many times by polychloramide chains to achieve sufficient Cl transfer to deactivate bacteria.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polychloramide structure prepared by derivatizing PEMA, with 2-propylamine, followed by chlorination …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%