Impacts of non-microbial soils on polychloramide disinfectants

He, Gaoyin; Fatona, Ayodele; Tian, Lei; Song, Chaochen; Liu, Jun; Fefer, Michael; Hosseinidoust, Zeinab; Pelton, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113464

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…5 During this study, we observed that nonionic water-soluble succinimide increased the antimicrobial activity of anionic polychloramides. 5 We proposed that the succinimide acted as a shuttle that extracted oxidative chlorine from anionic polychloramide, forming nonionic N-chlorosuccinimide, which carried oxidative chlorine to the bacteria surfaces. This contribution reports a more detailed study supporting the shuttle mechanism.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Because microbe surfaces are generally anionic, electrostatic interactions promote contact with cationic polymers. In clean media with no Cl + demand, we have shown that positively charged polychloramides are more effective than negatively charged polymers with similar structures . By contrast, negatively charged polychloramides are superior in soiled conditions because cationic antimicrobial polymers can be rendered unavailable by adsorption on solid surfaces or by forming polyelectrolyte complexes with soluble soil polymers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have been working with water-soluble polychloramides, a small subset of the antimicrobial landscape. , The biocidal agent is oxidative chlorine, Cl + , bonded to polymeric amide groups. Our work aims to understand and control the factors influencing the transport of oxidative chlorine, Cl + , from water-soluble polychloramides to microbial surfaces. − Most antimicrobial polymers and peptides are cationic, reflecting excess positive charges along the polymer chains. Because microbe surfaces are generally anionic, electrostatic interactions promote contact with cationic polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 By contrast, negatively charged polychloramides are superior in soiled conditions because cationic antimicrobial polymers can be rendered unavailable by adsorption on solid surfaces or by forming polyelectrolyte complexes with soluble soil polymers. 5 During this study, we observed that nonionic water-soluble succinimide increased the antimicrobial activity of anionic polychloramides. 5 We proposed that the succinimide acted as a shuttle that extracted oxidative chlorine from anionic polychloramide, forming nonionic N-chlorosuccinimide, which carried oxidative chlorine to the bacteria surfaces.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In clean media with no Cl + demand, we have shown that positively charged polychloramides are more effective than negatively charged polymers with similar structures. 5 By contrast, negatively charged polychloramides are superior in soiled conditions because cationic antimicrobial polymers can be rendered unavailable by adsorption on solid surfaces or by forming polyelectrolyte complexes with soluble soil polymers. 5 During this study, we observed that nonionic water-soluble succinimide increased the antimicrobial activity of anionic polychloramides.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Molecular Weight Shuttle Molecules Enhance Polychloramide Antimicrobial Activity

He,

Tian,

Liu

et al. 2023

Biomacromolecules

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Investigated were the influences of succinimide (SI), 5,5dimethylhydantoin (DMH), and 3-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (HDMH) on the biocidal activity of chlorinated, water-soluble polyamide prepared by the reaction of isopropylamine with poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride). The resulting polymer was a negatively charged, water-soluble polymer bearing a carboxylic acid and an isopropylamide moiety on nearly every repeat unit. Subsequent treatment with NaOCl chlorinated the polymers to up to 4.4% Cl while inflicting some polymer chain scission. SI, DMH, or HDMH increased the biocidal activity of polychloramides toward planktonic Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Independent solution studies confirmed that oxidative chlorine spontaneously transferred from aqueous polychloramides to small molecules. We concluded that SI, DMH, and HDMH acted as shuttles that extracted oxidative Cl from the polymer chloramides and transported oxidative Cl more efficiently to microbial surfaces. Succinimide was the most effective shuttle. These results warn that some low molecular weight soluble molecules in antimicrobial testing solutions may exaggerate the effectiveness of the polymer or immobilized antimicrobial agents.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%