Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices among population living in slums, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India

Agarwal, R. A.; Tiwari, Nitin; Malhotra, Anil K.

doi:10.5455/ijmsph.2017.0824506092017001

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 7 ] Kanungo et al .,[ 13 ] in their prospective study on WASH in slums of Kolkata, mentioned that over 90% of the households had access to piped water supply. However, this contrasted with Berhampur, Odisha, and Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, where 62.3% and 42% of the study participants reported public hand pumps as their main water source as reported by Tripathy et al [ 14 ] and Agarwal et al, [ 15 ] respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…[ 11 ] In the longitudinal study by Kanungo et al [ 13 ] in Kolkata, about 9.65% in the second round reported using some form of home-based treatment for purifying drinking water, water filters being the commonest (6.81%), followed by boiling (1.66%). According to Agarwal et al [ 15 ] about 45% of the study participants in Jhansi consumed the water directly without any pre-treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 56.3% of the study population in Maharashtra, 49.2% in Gujarat, and 38% in Uttar Pradesh study washed their hands with soap and water before eating, which was higher in the present study (75%). [ 11 12 15 ] In Odisha slums, handwashing was practiced by 86.5% of respondents before and after their meals. [ 14 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) practices among residents of different slum settlements in a ward of Kolkata: A mixed-methods study

Ray,

Shukla,

Basu

et al. 2024

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is the most basic need for mankind. Poor WASH practices are associated with various waterborne diseases, especially in developing countries such as India. The aim of the study was to assess WASH practices among residents of different slum settlements in a ward of Kolkata, identify the factors associated with WASH practice, and explore the barriers faced by the families and municipal staff in providing adequate WASH services to the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational study, cross-sectional in design with a convergent parallel mixed–methods approach, was conducted in different slum settlements in a ward of Kolkata. Quantitative data were collected by face-to-face interview, spot observation, and measuring the living area, door, and window spaces. Key informant interviews were conducted with the medical officer, ward vector-control coordinator, and municipal waste handlers, in addition to in-depth interviews with respondents who had unsatisfactory WASH practices. SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyze the quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically using Atlas.ti 22. RESULTS: The overall WASH practices were considered satisfactory in 58.8% of the households. Education of the respondents up to the secondary level, presence of overcrowding, and inadequate ventilation in the house had statistically significantly higher odds of unsatisfactory practice. Poor living conditions, difficulty in collecting and storing water, waterlogging, blocked sewage drains, common toilets for men and women, and lack of motivation were the primary obstacles identified by the residents. CONCLUSION: Unsatisfactory WASH practices were observed among a high proportion of the slum population. Community engagement and education regarding WASH in communities is strongly recommended along with improvement of infrastructure and capacity building.

show abstract