Water salinity investigation in the Sundarbans rivers in Bangladesh

Islam, Shafi Noor; Gnauck, Albrecht

doi:10.1504/ijw.2011.043318

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This diversion decreased the average dry season flow in the Ganges from 3114 m 3 sec −1 during the pre-Farakka period to 2010 m 3 sec −1 during the post-Farakka period 9 10 . This diversion of freshwater from the Ganges at Farakka also reduced the dry-season discharge in the Gorai River, the major distributary of the Ganges and the main freshwater source of the PRE upstream, from a pre-Farakka mean flow of 190 m 3 sec −1 in 1973 9 10 to post-Farakka mean flows of 51 m 3 sec −1 in 1977 and 10 m 3 sec −1 in 2008 11 . Consequently, freshwater flow has declined in the SRE by almost 60% since 1977 8 because the SRE is connected by lateral channels to the PRE.…”

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confidence: 95%

Salt Plug Formation Caused by Decreased River Discharge in a Multi-channel Estuary

Shaha

Cho

2016

Sci Rep

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Freshwater input to estuaries may be greatly altered by the river barrages required to meet human needs for drinking water and irrigation and prevent salt water intrusion. Prior studies have examined the salt plugs associated with evaporation and salt outwelling from tidal salt flats in single-channel estuaries. In this work, we discovered a new type of salt plug formation in the multi-channel Pasur River Estuary (PRE) caused by decreasing river discharges resulting from an upstream barrage. The formation of a salt plug in response to changes in river discharge was investigated using a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) recorder during spring and neap tides in the dry and wet seasons in 2014. An exportation of saline water from the Shibsa River Estuary (SRE) to the PRE through the Chunkhuri Channel occurred during the dry season, and a salt plug was created and persisted from December to June near Chalna in the PRE. A discharge-induced, relatively high water level in the PRE during the wet season exerted hydrostatic pressure towards the SRE from the PRE and thereby prevented the intrusion of salt water from the SRE to the PRE.

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confidence: 95%

Salt Plug Formation Caused by Decreased River Discharge in a Multi-channel Estuary

Shaha

Cho

2016

Sci Rep

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“…Hot and humid pre-monsoon season starts from March to May followed by monsoon period from June to September and then October and November post-monsoon months and finally December to February being dry winter period. The Sundarbans is a low-lying floodplain with elevation that varies from 0.9 to 2.11 m above sea level (Spalding 2010;Ghosh et al 2015) and land slope is 0.03 m vertically per km of horizontal distance moving from north to south (Islam and Gnauck 2011). An average relative sealevel rise (RSLR) of 1.07 mm/year from early to mid-Holocene period has been estimated for this region (Islam and Tooley 1999).…”

Section: Study Site and Focusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial modelling of the inundation levels in the Sundarbans mangrove forests due to the impact of sea level rise and identification of affected species and regions

Ghosh

Kumar

Langat

2019

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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This research reveals the magnitude of mangrove area loss and future impacts on mangrove species composition and distribution due to rise in Mean Sea Level (MSL). In this study, a geospatial model of potentially inundated areas was developed using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data to assess the potential impacts of sea level rise (SLR) on the spatial distribution of mangrove species and estimate the potential inundation and subsequent mangrove area loss. The mangrove areas of 2646 ha, 9599 ha and 74,720 ha are projected to be inundated and subsequently lost by the end of the twenty first century for the low, medium and high SLR scenarios respectively under the net subsidence rate À2.4 mm/ year relative to the baseline year 2000. All the major five mangrove species of the Bangladesh Sundarbans will be affected and this can potentially contribute to a change in the present species composition and biodiversity of the forest. Results suggest that, under the extreme scenario, inundation and subsequent loss of different mangrove species will be substantial and this can bring a massive change in the species composition and their spatial distribution in the Bangladesh Sundarbans.

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“…The Sundarbans has experienced notable declines in biodiversity and habitat for tigers and other wildlife as a result of: conversion of forest to other uses (historically paddy fields and more recently shrimp farms); unsustainable exploitation of timber resources and fauna (particularly shrimp fry collection to supply shrimp farms); alterations of the hydrological regime through polder construction and interventions that cut freshwater flows (e.g., the Farakka Barrage in India); and changes in the salinity regime, with saline waters moving further inland (Iftekhar, 2006;Giri, Pengra, Zhu, Singh and Tieszen, 2007;Islam andGnauck, 2011a and2011b). Discharges of domestic and industrial wastewater into surface waters have also been damaging (Ahmad et al, 2010).…”

Section: Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salinity is a key factor affecting the mangrove ecosystem, and the Sundarbans has already experienced significant replacement of dominant mangrove species with species that can better tolerate saline conditions (Islam, 2008;Islam and Gnauck, 2011a).…”

Section: Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy for adapting to climate change and conserving biodiversity in the Bangladesh Sundarbans

Ortolano

Sánchez-Triana

Ferdausi³

2016

Climate and Development

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Water salinity investigation in the Sundarbans rivers in Bangladesh

Cited by 39 publications

References 6 publications

Salt Plug Formation Caused by Decreased River Discharge in a Multi-channel Estuary

Salt Plug Formation Caused by Decreased River Discharge in a Multi-channel Estuary

Geospatial modelling of the inundation levels in the Sundarbans mangrove forests due to the impact of sea level rise and identification of affected species and regions

Strategy for adapting to climate change and conserving biodiversity in the Bangladesh Sundarbans

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