Water reuse for irrigation in Jordan: Perceptions of water quality among farmers

Carr, Gemma; Potter, Robert B.; Nortcliff, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2010.12.011

Cited by 147 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The pH is an important characteristic of water when considering reuse of reclaimed water for irrigation [38]. It is well documented that irrigation water should have a pH ranging between 5 and 6.5 in order to maximize nutrient uptake by plants [39].…”

Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Three Two-Stage Hybrid Ecological Wastewater Treatment Systems for Producing High Nutrient, Reclaimed Water for Irrigation Reuse in Developing Countries

Zurita

White

2014

Water

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In this study, three different two-stage hybrid ecological wastewater treatment systems (HEWTS) with combinations of horizontal flow (HF) constructed wetlands (CWs), vertical flow (VF) CWs and stabilization ponds (SP) were evaluated for the removal of Organic-N, NH 4 + , NO 3 − , Total N, Total P, Total Coliforms (TCol) and Escherichia Coli, BOD, COD and TSS. The overall goal of the study was novel in comparison to most other studies in that we sought to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the three HEWTSs for water quality improvements, while minimizing nutrient removal from the wastewater in order to generate high quality reclaimed water for reuse for irrigation of crops. The most effective systems were those systems containing a vertical flow component, either HF-VF or VF-HF. In these two HEWTS, NH 4 + was reduced by 85.5% and 85.0% respectively, while NO 3 − was increased to 91.4 ± 17.6 mg/L and to 82.5 ± 17.2 mg/L, respectively, an artifact of nitrification. At the same time, E. coli was reduced by 99.93% and 99.99%, respectively. While the goal of most wastewater treatment is focused on reducing nutrients, the results here demonstrate that two-stage HEWTSs containing VF components can be used to produce a high quality effluent while retaining inorganic nutrients, thereby conserving this valuable resource for reuse as irrigation water for agriculture in subtropical developing countries where water and fertilizer resources are scarce or expensive.

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Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Three Two-Stage Hybrid Ecological Wastewater Treatment Systems for Producing High Nutrient, Reclaimed Water for Irrigation Reuse in Developing Countries

Zurita

White

2014

Water

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“…The reuse of treated wastewater is considered as an alternative to the use of potable water in Mediterranean agriculture and landscape (Carr et al 2011), especially in golf courses (Salgot et al 2012). Hence, according to the development of the construction of golf courses in coastal areas, several studies were undertaken on the response of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon, L. Pers) to the reuse of treated municipal wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Nutrients on Turfgrass Response to Treated Wastewater Application, Under Several Saline Conditions and Irrigation Regimes

et al. 2014

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The vast development of golf courses implemented in arid and semiarid regions, and the intense aquifer pumping rate of the water needed to irrigate these grass lands, provokes saline problems, mainly in the coastal areas, due to sea water intrusion. The reuse of treated wastewater to irrigate golf courses is considered as an alternative to the use of potable and ground water. The objective of this work was to study the response of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon, L. Pers) to several irrigation rates I with reused treated municipal wastewater in two locations in southern Portugal. Three different irrigation regimes based on different values of electrical conductivity (EC w ), namely EC w =0.3 dS m −1 (potable water; control treatment), EC w =1.6 dS m ). We conclude that wastewater can be used to irrigate turfgrass as an alternative to potable water due to the presence of significant quantities of some essential nutrients, like K. However, the EC of wastewater can be a limiting factor.

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“…The farmers' perceptions do not necessarily refl ect the quality of water delivered to the farm. The farmers' actual and perceived capacity to control water quality, and the farmers' ability to manage the negative aspects of the wastewater that jeopardise productive agriculture are important (Carr et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Challenges Under Normal Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Experiences on Wastewater Irrigation: Challenges and Prospects

Valipour

Singh

2016

Water Science and Technology Library

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The need for irrigated agriculture is growing day by day and the largest water withdrawals from renewable water resources are for irrigation. In addition, the available water resources are decreasing and we need to use non-conventional water resources for irrigation due to looming water crisis (Raschid-Sally and Jayakody, Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries: results from a global assessment. International Water Management Institute, Colombo, 35p, (IWMI Research Report 127), 2008). However, the volume of treating and using wastewater is limited due to the lack of adequate data and knowledge and/or negative effects of improper wastewater management (i.e. use of untreated wastewater). A comprehensive evaluation of what has been done is necessary in order to explore wastewater irrigation and to avoid trial-and-error policies. Although a study of wastewater irrigation from crops, soil, groundwater, health, irrigation equipments, modern technologies, and other environmental aspects is useful, management studies in comparison with other aspects can help lead to more reliable and more extensive fi ndings and fi nally a better decision on using wastewater for irrigation. The chapter presents challenges and prospects that may help decision making for the use of wastewater in irrigation.

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Water reuse for irrigation in Jordan: Perceptions of water quality among farmers

Cited by 147 publications

References 25 publications

Comparative Study of Three Two-Stage Hybrid Ecological Wastewater Treatment Systems for Producing High Nutrient, Reclaimed Water for Irrigation Reuse in Developing Countries

Comparative Study of Three Two-Stage Hybrid Ecological Wastewater Treatment Systems for Producing High Nutrient, Reclaimed Water for Irrigation Reuse in Developing Countries

The Influence of Nutrients on Turfgrass Response to Treated Wastewater Application, Under Several Saline Conditions and Irrigation Regimes

Global Experiences on Wastewater Irrigation: Challenges and Prospects

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