Water Retention by Soils Containing Coal

Sharma, Pranav; Carter, F. S.; Halvorson, G. A.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700020004x

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Water repellency describes a situation during which the cohesive forces of water molecules are stronger than the adhesive forces between the water molecules and the soil particles and, thus, cause the water to ball up at the soil surface (Kidron et al, 1999). Soil water repellency is supposed to be caused by hydrophobic substances covering soil particles (Bisdom et al, 1993) or hydrophobic interstitial matter (Franco et al, 2000) derived from decomposing plant material and litter (McGhie and Posner, 1980) and undecomposed lignin-type organic polymers of coal fragments (Sharma et al, 1993;Fettweis et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Lemmnitz

Kuhnert

Bens

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The increase of surface runoff at the plot scale caused by soil water repellency is a generally accepted phenomenon. However, to improve the understanding of the effect of water repellency on runoff at the catchment scale, spatio-temporal dynamics of water repellency have to be analysed in more detail.The experimental setup of this study allowed the investigation of the relationship between water repellency and runoff generation on Quaternary and Tertiary sandy substrates while ensuring similar conditions in terms of terrain characteristics, meteorological and vegetation-free conditions on both areas. Measurements of water drop penetration time and contact angle were carried out over a period from September 2003 to December 2005. Spatial variability of actual soil water repellency was related to heterogeneity of substrate and geomorphologic units, variations in time were related with the seasons and their meteorological conditions. To relate variable degrees of actual water repellency to surface runoff generation, both variables were measured in parallel at the plot scale (1 m ð1 m) and at the hillslope scale from September 2004 to December 2005. Soil water repellency of the Tertiary sands showed a temporal variability depending on the season, with the highest degree during summer and autumn. Variation of hydrophobicity between the seasons caused higher runoff coefficients in summer and autumn. Spatial heterogeneity of the soil water repellency revealed lower values in fine-textured erosion rills and higher values for interrills and top areas. The measured runoff coefficients decreased from the scale of microplots to the hillslope scale due to infiltration in hydrophilic rills on the hillslope.The results suggest that improved hydrological modelling approaches on water-repellent soils can be based on a geomorphological subdivision of the catchment area and seasonally varying infiltration parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Lemmnitz

Kuhnert

Bens

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

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“…Unaffected by the courses of water repellency and crust formation reduced infiltration capabilities and increasing rates of surface runoff are observed (e.g. Richardson and Wollenhaupt, 1983;Sharma et al, 1993;Katzur, 1998;Biemelt, 2001;Rolland et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overland flow, erosion, and related phosphorus and iron fluxes at plot scale: a case study from a non-vegetated lignite mining dump in Lusatia

et al. 2005

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“…We hypothesised that lignite plays a role in stand vitality. Lignite fragments can increase the water holding capacity of soils (Sharma et al, 1993) but will become hydrophobic after they dry out (Haubold-Rosar, 1989). Due to their porous structure, water and the dissolved nutrients can infiltrate the lignite fragments and adsorb to their inner and outer surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Distribution and Nutrient Status of Mycorrhizal and Non-mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris L. Seedlings Growing in a Sandy Substrate with Lignite Fragments

et al. 2005

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Reclaimed mine soils of the Lusatian mining district are characterised by small-scale heterogeneous distribution of lignite fragments of varying size embedded in a matrix of Tertiary and Quaternary sandy material. Despite amelioration with basic fly ashes, ongoing pyrite oxidation and the subsequent acidification generate a high physical and chemical heterogeneity within the substrate, which could negatively affect root proliferation. We hypothesised that this limitation for the root system may be compensated for by intensive exploration of the porous lignite fragments by roots and/or mycorrhizal hyphae to access water and nutrients stored in these fragments. To test this hypothesis, we compared growth, shoot nutrient content, and root distribution of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings in lignitecontaining and lignite-free sandy substrate. Rhizotrons used for this experiment were filled with a sandy matrix with 6-9 evenly distributed spots of lignite fragments. Treatments included different levels of water and nutrient availability. After 8 months of growth, root tip vitality as well as growth and shoot nutrient concentration of the plants was higher for treatments with lignite spots in the sandy substrate than for sandy substrate without such amendments. Compared to the non-mycorrhizal plants, the seedlings inoculated with Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. had a higher root dry mass, an increased number of root tips and a higher root length. These results confirm our hypothesis that the lignite fragments are an important nutrient and water reservoir for plants in these mine soils and they indicate that mycorrhizal colonisation may allow an intensive exploration of porous lignite fragments by mycorrhizal hyphae.

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Water Retention by Soils Containing Coal

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Overland flow, erosion, and related phosphorus and iron fluxes at plot scale: a case study from a non-vegetated lignite mining dump in Lusatia

Root Distribution and Nutrient Status of Mycorrhizal and Non-mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris L. Seedlings Growing in a Sandy Substrate with Lignite Fragments

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