Overland flow, erosion, and related phosphorus and iron fluxes at plot scale: a case study from a non-vegetated lignite mining dump in Lusatia

Biemelt, Detlef; Schapp, Andrea; Kleeberg, Andreas; Grünewald, Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.030

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Gerke et al (2001) assigned the high spatial variability of water repellency to the heterogeneous spatial distribution of lignite and minerals within the soil. Biemelt et al (2005) found that hydraulic properties and erodibility of soils were closely related to the spatial pattern of water repellency among microtopographic structures (ridges and gullies). Besides spatial heterogeneity, a seasonal variability of soil water repellency has been observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Lemmnitz

Kuhnert

Bens

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The increase of surface runoff at the plot scale caused by soil water repellency is a generally accepted phenomenon. However, to improve the understanding of the effect of water repellency on runoff at the catchment scale, spatio-temporal dynamics of water repellency have to be analysed in more detail.The experimental setup of this study allowed the investigation of the relationship between water repellency and runoff generation on Quaternary and Tertiary sandy substrates while ensuring similar conditions in terms of terrain characteristics, meteorological and vegetation-free conditions on both areas. Measurements of water drop penetration time and contact angle were carried out over a period from September 2003 to December 2005. Spatial variability of actual soil water repellency was related to heterogeneity of substrate and geomorphologic units, variations in time were related with the seasons and their meteorological conditions. To relate variable degrees of actual water repellency to surface runoff generation, both variables were measured in parallel at the plot scale (1 m ð1 m) and at the hillslope scale from September 2004 to December 2005. Soil water repellency of the Tertiary sands showed a temporal variability depending on the season, with the highest degree during summer and autumn. Variation of hydrophobicity between the seasons caused higher runoff coefficients in summer and autumn. Spatial heterogeneity of the soil water repellency revealed lower values in fine-textured erosion rills and higher values for interrills and top areas. The measured runoff coefficients decreased from the scale of microplots to the hillslope scale due to infiltration in hydrophilic rills on the hillslope.The results suggest that improved hydrological modelling approaches on water-repellent soils can be based on a geomorphological subdivision of the catchment area and seasonally varying infiltration parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Lemmnitz

Kuhnert

Bens

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

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“…At the same time, it results in a significant reduction in available water for plant production . Furthermore, rill networks concentrate water resources along rill beds, altering the spatial distribution of soil moisture (Biemelt et al, 2005). This effect reinforces the reduction of water availability for plants, since vegetation generally cannot establish in rill microsites -due to mechanical disturbances provoked by runoff fluxes -and consequently, these water resources are not available for vegetation growth.…”

Section: Mechanisms and Feedback Loopsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluating restoration of man‐made slopes: a threshold approach balancing vegetation and rill erosion

Heras

Díaz‐Sierra

Nicolau

et al. 2011

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The management of reclaimed slopes derived from industrial and civil activities (e.g. surface mining and road construction) requires the development of practical stability analysis approaches that integrate the processes and mechanisms that rule the dynamics of these ubiquitous emerging ecosystems. This work describes a new modelling approach focused on stability analysis of water-limited reclaimed slopes, where interactive relationships between rill erosion and vegetation regulate ecosystem stability. Our framework reproduces two main groups of possible trends along the temporal evolution of reclaimed slopes: successful trends, characterized by widespread vegetation development and the effective control of rill erosion processes; and gullying trends, characterized by the progressive loss of vegetation and a sharp logistic increase in erosion rates. Furthermore, this analytical approach allows the determination of threshold values for the state variables (i.e. vegetation cover and rill erosion) that drive the system's stability, facilitating the identification of critical situations that require specific human intervention (e.g. revegetation or, in very problematic cases, revegetation combined with rill network destruction) to ensure the long-term sustainability of the restored ecosystem. The application of our threshold analysis framework in Mediterranean-dry reclaimed slopes derived from surface coal mining (the Teruel coalfield in central-eastern Spain) showed a good field-based performance. Therefore, we believe that this model is a valuable contribution for the management of water-limited reclaimed systems, including those associated with rill erosion, as it provides a tool for the evaluation of restoration success and can play an important role in decision-making during ecosystem restoration in severely disturbed landscapes.

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“…In these areas, the soil surface is predominantly flat and gently sloped at extended spatial scales, and the excess rainfall moves at the surface of the soil in very shallow structures combining small overland flow areas interspersed with finely ramified fingering patterns of small channels. Infiltration in arid and semi-arid regions can also be modified by the development of water-repellent areas (Lipsius and Mooney, 2006) which in cases occur in relation to soil microtopography (Biemelt et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term usually refers to laboratory (Antoine et al, 2011;Dunkerley, 2001Dunkerley, , 2002Legout et al, 2012) or field (Esteves et al, 2000;Mengitsu et al, 2012) studies involving areas in the scale of some few square meters, where water inflow conditions can be manipulated with varying success. Plot studies on overland flows sometimes use natural rainfall falling on the plot as water input (Esteves et al, 2000) or a controlled water inflow either through rain simulation over the whole plot surface (Abrahams et al, 1990;Biemelt et al, 2005;Mügler et al, 2011), or through drippers, perforated pipes, etc. at the top of the plots (Dunkerley, 2001(Dunkerley, , 2003Hessel et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression storage and infiltration effects on overland flow depth-velocity-friction at desert conditions: field plot results and model

Rossi

Ares

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Water infiltration and overland flow are relevant in considering water partition among plant life forms, the sustainability of vegetation and the design of sustainable hydrological models and management. In arid and semi-arid regions, these processes present characteristic trends imposed by the prevailing physical conditions of the upper soil as evolved under water-limited climate. A set of plot-scale field experiments at the semi-arid Patagonian Monte (Argentina) were performed in order to estimate the effect of depression storage areas and infiltration rates on depths, velocities and friction of overland flows. The micro-relief of undisturbed field plots was characterized at z-scale 1 mm through close-range stereo-photogrammetry and geo-statistical tools. The overland flow areas produced by controlled water inflows were video-recorded and the flow velocities were measured with image processing software. Antecedent and postinflow moisture were measured, and texture, bulk density and physical properties of the upper soil were estimated based on soil core analyses. Field data were used to calibrate a physically-based, mass balanced, time explicit model of infiltration and overland flows. Modelling results reproduced the time series of observed flow areas, velocities and infiltration depths. Estimates of hydrodynamic parameters of overland flow (Reynolds-Froude numbers) are informed. To our knowledge, the study here presented is novel in combining several aspects that previous studies do not address simultaneously: (1) overland flow and infiltration parameters were obtained in undisturbed field conditions; (2) field measurements of overland flow movement were coupled to a detailed analysis of soil microtopography at 1 mm depth scale; (3) the effect of depression storage areas in infiltration rates and depth-velocity friction of overland flows is addressed. Relevance of the results to other similar desert areas is justified by the accompanying biogeography analysis of similarity of the environment where this study was performed with other desert areas of the world.

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Overland flow, erosion, and related phosphorus and iron fluxes at plot scale: a case study from a non-vegetated lignite mining dump in Lusatia

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff

Evaluating restoration of man‐made slopes: a threshold approach balancing vegetation and rill erosion

Depression storage and infiltration effects on overland flow depth-velocity-friction at desert conditions: field plot results and model

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