Water quality of Scottish rivers: spatial and temporal trends

Ferrier, Robert; Edwards, AJ; Hirst, D.; Littlewood, I.an G; Watts, C.arol D; Morris, R.ob

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00674-4

Cited by 101 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is consistent with the 663 results of statistical analysis by Ferrier et al (2001), who found nitrogen concentrations in Scottish rivers 664 to be highly correlated with the extent of arable land. Other UK studies also found that the extent of 665 arable land was a significant predictor for N but much less significant for P concentrations (Davies and The optimum risk weightings do not identify improved grassland as a dominant driver for N or P, this is 668 surprising given the high levels of N and P application associated with this land cover (Johnes, 1996; …”

supporting

confidence: 83%

A Monte Carlo approach to the inverse problem of diffuse pollution risk in agricultural catchments

Milledge

Lane

Heathwaite

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

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Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Science of The Total Environment. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A denitive version was subsequently published in Science of The Total Environment, 433, 1 September 2012, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.047. Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Abstract 6The hydrological and biogeochemical processes that operate in catchments influence the ecological 7 quality of freshwater systems through delivery of fine sediment, nutrients and organic matter. Most 8 models that seek to characterise the delivery of diffuse pollutants from land to water are reductionist. The 9 multitude of processes that are parameterised in such models to ensure generic applicability make them 10 complex and difficult to test on available data. Here, we outline an alternative -data-driven -inverse 11 approach. We apply SCIMAP, a parsimonious risk based model that has an explicit treatment of 12 hydrological connectivity. We take a Bayesian approach to the inverse problem of determining the risk 13 that must be assigned to different land uses in a catchment in order to explain the spatial patterns of 14 measured in-stream nutrient concentrations. We apply the model to identify the key sources of nitrogen 15(N) and phosphorus (P) diffuse pollution risk in eleven UK catchments covering a range of landscapes. 16The model results show that: 1) some land use generates a consistently high or low risk of diffuse

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supporting

confidence: 83%

A Monte Carlo approach to the inverse problem of diffuse pollution risk in agricultural catchments

Milledge

Lane

Heathwaite

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Dodds and Oakes (2008) found that riparian zone and land use/land cover close to streams were more important to water quality than the landscape pattern of the entire catchment. Ferrier et al (2001) found that urban catchments were highly correlated with ammonium ions, reactive phosphates and suspended solids.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Sources Affecting Water Quality In Urban Areasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nitrates can be leached or transported in run-off (Blanchard and Lerch 2000). Nitrates are strongly associated with agricultural land and grasslands (Ferrier et al 2001), and concentrations are highest in spring and in conjunction with high run-off events. The antecedent conditions -topography, soil type, farming practice and crop type -influence the movement of water as well as pesticide dispersal.…”

Section: Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of natural and anthropogenic factors on surface and groundwater quality in rural and urban areas

Khatri¹,

Tyagi²

2014

Frontiers in Life Science

750

283

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Although water constitutes 71% of the earth's surface, only 0.3% of it is available as fresh water for human use. Moreover, the quality of fresh water in ground and surface systems is of great concern, as potable water needs to have appropriate mineral content. Ground and surface water quality in rural and urban environments is affected by both natural processes and anthropogenic influences. Because of this, water is becoming scarcer as the population increases across the world. Natural processes leading to changes in water quality include weathering of rocks, evapotranspiration, depositions due to wind, leaching from soil, run-off due to hydrological factors, and biological processes in the aquatic environment. These natural processes cause changes in the pH and alkalinity of the water, and also phosphorus loading, increase in fluoride content and high concentrations of sulphates. Anthropogenic factors affecting water quality include impacts due to agriculture, use of fertilizers, manures and pesticides, animal husbandry activities, inefficient irrigation practices, deforestation of woods, aquaculture, pollution due to industrial effluents and domestic sewage, mining, and recreational activities. These anthropogenic influences cause elevated concentrations of heavy metals, mercury, coliforms and nutrient loads. This paper studies the effects of natural processes and human influences in rural and urban aquatic systems. Pollution due to environmental parameters such as heavy metal pollution, heavy metals and bacterial and pathogenic contamination of both urban and rural areas is discussed in detail.

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“…Correl et al 1980;Neill 1989;Whitmore et al 1992;Burt et al 1993;Haycock 1995;Pekárová & Pekár 1996;Worral & Burt 1999;Pionke et al 2000;Ferrier 2001;Lenhart et al 2003;Matejicek et al 2003;Buck et al 2004;Doležal & Kvítek 2004;Oenema et al 2004;Poor et al 2007; Krause et al 2008). Higher nitrate amounts washed out of arable and together drained land (in comparison to other agricultural land use types) have several possible causes and explanations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the stream water quality dynamics in connection with land use in agricultural catchments of different scales

Fučík¹,

Kvítek²,

Lexa³

et al. 2008

Soil & Water Res.

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The ecological status of many surface waters in the Czech Republic is poor, mainly due to still relatively high discharges of N substances especially from agriculture. High nitrate values in the streams situated particulary in basins of drinking water reservoirs invoke the neccesity for the precise detection of diffuse pollution areas to enable the setting of the appropriate land management strategies or relevant measures. We introduce a simple method for estimating the changes of nitrate concentrations in surface waters regarding the land use modification. Stream and drainage water nitrate concentrations in prevailingly agricultural catchments of three different scales located in the Crystalline complex of the Czech massif were included in this study. Water quality samples were collected through the years 1992–2006 at monthly and bi-monthly intervals. For the catchment land use analysis, the satellite images LANDSAT 7 (CORINE Land Cover) and digitised cadastre maps of the land register were processed using ESRI ArcMap GIS; both sources corrected by field survey. We demonstrate on three different basin – scale studies a strong relation between the arable land ratio within a catchment and the coherent stream water nitrate concentration. The results acquired from all the evaluated catchments showed that every 10% decrease of ploughed land proportion in a catchment lowers the nitrate concentration C90 value (90% probability of non-exceedance) in average by 6.38 mg/l.

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Water quality of Scottish rivers: spatial and temporal trends

Cited by 101 publications

References 16 publications

A Monte Carlo approach to the inverse problem of diffuse pollution risk in agricultural catchments

A Monte Carlo approach to the inverse problem of diffuse pollution risk in agricultural catchments

Influences of natural and anthropogenic factors on surface and groundwater quality in rural and urban areas

Assessing the stream water quality dynamics in connection with land use in agricultural catchments of different scales

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