Water quality impacts of forest fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus

Binkley, Dan; Burnham, Heather; Allen, H. Lee

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00549-0

Cited by 128 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Even when the intensity of phosphate fertilisation is high, there are virtually no governmental or international regulations on its levels in groundwater and rivers. According to [13] this might be because phosphate is not toxic. However, during recent years concerns have mounted over the effect of phosphate on aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of practice has motivated the start of the process of formalising the allowed levels of phosphate in aquatic ecosystems. For example the United States Environmental Protection Agency is considering a guideline value for phosphate in drinking water in the range 0.025 to 0.1 mg P per litre [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will consider the nutrient movement in the soil depth direction, i.e., in the z direction, only. The dimensionless model for water and nutrient movement in the soil, including the dimensionless expressions for water and nutrient uptake, F w and F respectively, is now given by 12) or alternatively, using the water equation to simplify the nutrient equation, we get 13) where the dimensionless time-derivative parameter δ is given by δ = φ/b, the dimensionless nutrient diffusivity parameter is R = D f φ d+1 /D 0 , and the dimensionless water and nutrient convectivity parameter is = K s K 0 /D 0 (it is the same as used in Chapter 8 and its values are presented in Table 8.…”

Section: Non-dimensionalisation Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mathematical model of plant nutrient uptake

Koebernick¹,

Fowler²,

Darrah

2001

Journal of Mathematical Biology

111

159

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This thesis deals with the mathematical modelling of nutrient uptake by plant roots. It starts with the Nye-Tinker-Barber model for nutrient uptake by a single bare cylindrical root. The model is treated using matched asymptotic expansion and an analytic formula for the rate of nutrient uptake is derived for the first time. The basic model is then extended to include root hairs and mycorrhizae, which have been found experimentally to be very important for the uptake of immobile nutrients. Again, analytic expressions for nutrient uptake are derived. The simplicity and clarity of the analytical formulae for the solution of the single root models allows the extension of these models to more realistic branched roots. These models clearly show that the "volume averaging of branching structure" technique commonly used to extend the Nye-Tinker-Barber with experiments can lead to large errors. The same models also indicate that in the absence of large-scale water movement, due to rainfall, fertiliser fails to penetrate into the soil. This motivates us to build a model for water movement and uptake by branched root structures. This model considers the simultaneous flow of water in the soil, uptake by the roots, and flow within the root branching network to the stems of the plant. The water uptake model shows that the water saturation can develop pseudo-steadystate wet and dry zones in the rooting region of the soil. The dry zone is shown to stop the movement of nutrient from the top of the soil to the groundwater. Finally we present a model for the simultaneous movement and uptake of both nutrients and water. This is discussed as a new tool for interpreting available experimental results and designing future experiments. The parallels between evolution and mathematical optimisation are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-dimensionalisation Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mathematical model of plant nutrient uptake

Koebernick¹,

Fowler²,

Darrah

2001

Journal of Mathematical Biology

111

159

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“…Since forest fertilization has been a basic feature of intensive forest management throughout the world, the impact of fertilizers on water quality has been an issue easily addressed by paired catchment research [29]. Paired catchments provided a sound basis for acid deposition research in the 1980s and 1990s [30], and continue to support scientific endeavors on climate change in the 21st century [31].…”

Section: Disturbance Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Forest Paired Catchment Studies: What Do They Tell Us That Landscape-Level Monitoring Does Not?

Neary

2016

Forests

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Forested catchments throughout the world are known for producing high quality water for human use. In the 20th Century, experimental forest catchment studies played a key role in studying the processes contributing to high water quality. The hydrologic processes investigated on these paired catchments have provided the science base for examining water quality responses to natural disturbances such as wildfire, insect outbreaks, and extreme hydrologic events, and human-induced disturbances such as timber harvesting, site preparation, prescribed fires, fertilizer applications, pesticide usage, rainfall acidification, and mining. This paper compares and contrasts the paired catchment approach with landscape-level water resource monitoring to highlight the information on hydrologic processes provided by the paired catchment approach that is not provided by the broad-brush landscape monitoring.

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“…We discuss these factors and the main retention processes in RF for reducing loads of suspended solids, nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and DOC. The processes and retention mechanisms of N and P discussed are applicable in connection with fertilisation, where RF are important buffers for avoiding direct application of fertilisers in surface water (Binkley et al 1999). …”

Section: Water Protection Function Of Rfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

Gundersen

Laurén

Finér

et al. 2010

AMBIO

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Riparian forests (RF) growing along streams, rivers and lakes comprise more than 2% of the forest area in the Nordic countries (considering a 10 m wide zone from the water body). They have special ecological functions in the landscape. They receive water and nutrients from the upslope areas, are important habitats for biodiversity, have large soil carbon stores, but may emit more greenhouse gases (GHG) than the uplands. In this article, we present a review of the environmental services related to water protection, terrestrial biodiversity, carbon storage and greenhouse gas dynamics provided by RF in the Nordic countries. We discuss the benefits and trade-offs when leaving the RF as a buffer against the impacts from upland forest management, in particular the impacts of clear cutting. Forest buffers are effective in protecting water quality and aquatic life, and have positive effects on terrestrial biodiversity, particularly when broader than 40 m, whereas the effect on the greenhouse gas exchange is unclear.

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Water quality impacts of forest fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus

Cited by 128 publications

References 38 publications

A mathematical model of plant nutrient uptake

A mathematical model of plant nutrient uptake

Long-Term Forest Paired Catchment Studies: What Do They Tell Us That Landscape-Level Monitoring Does Not?

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

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