Water quality assessment of Middle Route of South-North Water Diversion Project based on modified Nemerow index method

Yang, Yilin; Zhang, Dawei; Jin, Quan; Wang, Pengwen; Xu, Yi

doi:10.2166/ws.2021.006

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 6c, the sedimentation rate observed after the SNWD-C is almost the same as that of 2011-2015 and even faster in some cases. Interestingly, despite the distance of SNWD-C from western Hebei province, the more pronounced land subsidence observed by GNSS in this area may be attributed to inadequate water supply [43]. However, the broader coverage of SNWD-C seems to have mitigated further exacerbation of land subsidence in multiple areas.…”

Section: The Influence Of Snwd-c On Changes Of Terrestrial Water Stor...mentioning

confidence: 89%

Influence of South-to-North Water Diversion on Land Subsidence in North China Plain Revealed by Using Geodetic Measurements

Wang,

Ding,

Chen

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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As a major grain-producing region in China, the North China Plain (NCP) faces serious challenges such as water shortage and land subsidence. In late 2014, the Central Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWD-C) began to provide NCP with water resources. However, the effectiveness of this supply in mitigating land subsidence remains a pivotal and yet unassessed aspect. In this paper, we utilized various geodetic datasets, including the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow On (GRACE-FO), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and leveling data, to conduct a spatial-temporal analysis of the equivalent water height (EWH) and vertical ground movement in the NCP. The results reveal a noteworthy decline in EWH from 2011 to 2015, followed by a slight increase with minor fluctuations from 2015 to 2020, demonstrating a strong correlation with the water resources supplied by the SNWD-C. The GRACE-derived surface deformation rate induced by hydrological loading is estimated to be <1 mm/yr. In comparison, GNSS-derived vertical ground movements exhibit considerable regional differences during the 2011–2020 period. Substantial surface subsidence is evident in the central and eastern NCP, contrasting with a gradual uplift in the front plain of the Taihang Mountains. Three-stage leveling results indicate that the rate of subsidence in the central and eastern plains is gradually increasing with the depression area expanding from 1960 to 2010. Based on these geodetic results, it can be inferred that the SNWD-C’s operation since 2014 has effectively mitigated the reduction in terrestrial water storage in the NCP. However, land subsidence in the NCP persists, as the subsidence rate does not turn around in sync with the change in EWH following the operation of SNWD-C. Consequently, it’s necessary to maintain and enforce existing policies, including controlling groundwater exploitation and water resources supply (e.g., SNWD-C) to curtail the exacerbation of land subsidence in the NCP. Additionally, continuous monitoring of land subsidence by GRACE, GNSS, leveling and other geodetic techniques is crucial to enable timely policy adjustments based on monitoring results.

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Section: The Influence Of Snwd-c On Changes Of Terrestrial Water Stor...mentioning

confidence: 89%

Influence of South-to-North Water Diversion on Land Subsidence in North China Plain Revealed by Using Geodetic Measurements

Wang,

Ding,

Chen

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Certain low concentration elements, like mercury, total phosphorus, and other indicator parameters, may have a major effect on the biological environment in the natural world. Metal ions are very poisonous and difficult to break down in the natural environment, which makes them a major threat to the safety of water bodies as well as to plant and animal life (Yang et al., 2021). The most significant pollution component is highlighted by the traditional Nemerow index, which overlooks the effects of each pollution element on the quality of the water (Lucas et al., 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality assessment and spatial‐temporal change: The case of Zipingpu Reservoir in central Sichuan Province, China

Su,

Wang,

Cao

et al. 2023

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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This research evaluated and analyzed the water quality of Zipingpu Reservoir using the Comprehensive Water Quality Index and Nemerow index method, based on monitoring data from 2019 to 2021 at four monitoring sites. It also used temporal and spatial change rate analysis to understand changes in water quality among the four monitoring sites—Aba Aluminum Factory, Chaguan Village, Cross‐reservoir Bridge and Xuankou Village—as well as the reservoir as a whole. The results show that: from the result of comprehensive water quality index, the water quality of Zipingpu Reservoir had improved in 3 years, and the water quality was excellent. The Nemerow index method results for the four monitoring sections in 2019, 2020, and 2021, which varied from 0.37 to 0.47, demonstrated that the reservoir was rated as having high water quality and Class I standard water quality. According to the results of the improved Nemerow pollution index method, the Improved Nemerow pollution index values were all between 0.27 and 0.32 and the water quality was within the Class I range each of the 3 years and fluctuated less. The water quality of the Aba aluminum facility was marginally worse than that of the other three monitoring sites during the monitoring period, according to the spatial rate of change (S/%). The reservoir's water quality improved slightly between 2019 and 2021, according to the temporal rate of change (T/%).

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“…The east route diverts water from Yangzhou to Shandong and Tianjin northwards, and the middle route diverts water from the Danjiang River to Beijing. According to the existing literature [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], the SNWD is divided into the headwater (HAER) and receiving (RAER) areas of the east route, and the headwater (HAMR) and receiving (RAMR) areas of the middle route. Geographically, the HAER covers Shanghai, Zhejiang, and southern Jiangsu, while the RAER covers Shandong, eastern Hebei, eastern Tianjin, and northern Jiangsu (see Table S1 in the Supplementary Materials ).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Land-Use Change on Ecosystem Services Value in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, China

Zhuge

Zeng

Chen

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWD) in China is a trans-basin water transfer project for water resource optimization that affects ecosystem services functions along its main transfer line. Exploring the effects of land-use change on ecosystem services in the headwater and receiving areas along the SNWD is conducive to improving the protection of the surrounding ecological environment. However, previous research lacks a comparative analysis of ecosystem services values (ESVs) in these areas. In this study, the land-use dynamic degree index, land-use transfer matrix, and spatial analysis method were used to comparatively analyze the impact of land-use changes on ESVs in the headwater and receiving areas of the SNWD. The results show that cultivated land was the main land use type in the receiving areas and HAER. From 2000 to 2020, CLUDD in the headwater areas was faster than that in the receiving areas. Spatially, in general, the land-use change areas of the receiving areas were larger. During the study period, cultivated land in the headwater areas of the middle route mainly transferred to water areas and forestry areas, while built-up areas mainly occupied cultivated land in the headwater areas of the east route, receiving areas of the middle route, and receiving areas of the east route. From 2000 to 2020, the ESV increased only in the headwater areas of the middle route, while the ESV in the other three sections decreased. The variation extent of ESV in the receiving areas was greater than that in the headwater areas. The results of this study have important policy significance for land use and ecological protection in the headwater and receiving areas of the SNWD in the future.

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Water quality assessment of Middle Route of South-North Water Diversion Project based on modified Nemerow index method

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of South-to-North Water Diversion on Land Subsidence in North China Plain Revealed by Using Geodetic Measurements

Influence of South-to-North Water Diversion on Land Subsidence in North China Plain Revealed by Using Geodetic Measurements

Water quality assessment and spatial‐temporal change: The case of Zipingpu Reservoir in central Sichuan Province, China

Impacts of Land-Use Change on Ecosystem Services Value in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, China

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