Water quality and health risk assessment of the water bodies in the Yamdrok-tso basin, southern Tibetan Plateau

Wang, Can; Zhou, Haihua; Kuang, Xingxing; Hao, Yanming; Shan, Jipeng; Chen, Jianxin; Li, Ling'en; Yu, Feng; Zou, Yiguang; Zheng, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113740

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In the Tibetan Plateau, lakes play an important role in regulating the ecosystem and hydrochemistry and are a vital indicator of water-rock interaction and environmental change in the basins [3,4]. In the last few years, many academics have conducted investigations on lakes in the Tibetan Plateau, which mainly focused on hydrochemical characteristics and its spatial distribution [5,6], typical water pollutants [7], water quality assessment [8,9], and hydrochemistry evolution and sources [10,11]. Due to the vulnerability of the water environment to climate change and the scarcity of water resources in the alpine desert, water quality assessment and hydrochemical evolution in these areas have attracted increasing attention [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Evaluation of Irrigation and Drinking Water in Bangong Co Lake Watershed in Northwest Tibetan Plateau

Shao

Yan

Liu

et al. 2023

Water

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Bangong Lake is a narrow and long lake in the arid region of the plateau in northern Tibet. The salinity of the east of the lake is different from that the west, resulting in differences in the natural environment and human living conditions on each side. Watershed hydrochemical analysis and spatial statistical analysis can help to understand regional hydrochemical evolution and water quality evaluation. In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water (glacier, river, and lake) and groundwater in the Bangong Co Lake Watershed were investigated to reveal the relationships between various water bodies. The drinking water quality index (DWQI) and USSL classification were applied to assess groundwater quality suitability for agricultural and drinking purposes. The hydrochemical characteristics show the differences among water bodies and their spatial distribution. The analyzed groundwater and surface water samples, such as river water and glaciers, were mainly Ca-HCO3-type and the lake water was mainly categorized as Na-Cl-type with some Na-HCO3-Cl type. The lake water’s chemical components are mainly affected by evaporative karst decomposition. The main mineralization process of groundwater and river water was related to the dissolution of reservoir minerals, such as dolomite and calcite, as well as halite. The drinking water quality index (DWQI) indicates that 79% of the groundwater samples in the study area were of good enough quality for drinking. In terms of irrigation water quality, the electrical conductivity (EC), calculated sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and magnesium hazardous ratio (MHR) showed that more than 13% of the total samples were not suitable for irrigation. However, the USSL classification indicated that glacier and river water are relatively suitable for irrigation. Additionally, some groundwater and lake water has very high alkalinity or salinity, which is alarming when considering them for irrigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Evaluation of Irrigation and Drinking Water in Bangong Co Lake Watershed in Northwest Tibetan Plateau

Shao

Yan

Liu

et al. 2023

Water

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“…In the last few years, many academics have conducted investigation in lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, which mainly focused on hydrochemical characteristics and its spatial distribution (Jin et al 2010; Sun and Jin. 2020), hydrochemical types (), typical water pollutants (Ren et al 2016), water quality assessment (Wang et al 2021;Zhang Y B et al 2021), and hydrochemistry evolution and sources (Li et al 2015; Wang et al 2013). Owing to the high altitude and inconvenience of transportation, hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment of many typical lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality evaluation for irrigation and drinking purposes of Bangong Co Lake Watershed

Shao

Yan

Liu-Lu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In order to explore the hydrochemical characteristics, influencing factors, and water quality of various water bodies in Bangong Co Lake Watershed, 60 water samples were collected from lake, river, groundwater, glacier water bodies in the watershed. Piper diagram, Gibbs’ diagrams, ion ratio analysis, statistical methods, and principal component analysis were used to study the hydrochemical characteristics and its influencing factors. Drinking water quality index (DWQI) and USSL classification were applied to assess the groundwater quality suitability for agricultural and drinking purposes. The hydrochemical characteristics show the differences among water bodies and their spatial distribution. Analyzed groundwater and surface water samples such as river water and glaciers mainly presented Ca-HCO3 type, and lake water mainly presented Na-Cl type and a small number of Na-HCO3·Cl type. The lake water chemical components are mainly affected by evaporative karst decomposition. The main mineralization process of groundwater and river water was related to the dissolution of reservoir minerals such as dolomite and calcite, and halite. The DWQI indicates that 79% of the groundwater samples in the study area showed a good quality for drinking. For irrigation water quality, the electrical conductivity (EC), calculated Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Magnesium hazardous ratio (MHR) showed that more than 13% of the total samples were not suitable for irrigation. USSL classification indicated that glacier and river water are relatively suitable for irrigation. And part of the groundwater and lake water has very high alkalinity or salinity which is alarming when considered for irrigation.

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“…Although the rivers in the QTP can usually be regarded as primitive rivers, due to the increasing impact of human activity, the concentration of some toxic elements (i.e., Cd and Pb) is higher than the World Health Organization's drinking water guidelines, which poses a risk to human livelihoods in the local and surrounding areas. Wang et al stated that some trace elements, such as Cu (13.92 µg/L), As (41.60 µg/L), and Pb (26.69 µg/L) in the lake of Yamdrok-tso Basin were characterized by high dissolved concentration values [6]. Zhang et al revealed that the significant enrichment of As in Singe Zangbo River water (up to 104 µg/L) was sourced from hot springs and evaporite [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration, Spatial Distribution, and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin and Its Two Tributaries

Xiao,

Zhao,

et al. 2023

Water

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The Yarlung Zangbo River (YZR) is the longest plateau river in China and has famous tributaries, the Lhasa River and the Nianchu River. A total of 75 water samples were collected from the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB) in this study to investigate the dissolved concentration, spatial distribution, and source of trace elements (Fe, V, Be, Ti, Mo, Se, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Ba, Tl, Pb, Hg, As, and Sb). The results indicate that only Cr and Tl contaminate water, while the other trace elements were in an unpolluted state. In addition, correlation analysis showed that there was a highly significant positive correlation between the concentrations of As, Sb, and Mo; there was also a highly significant positive correlation between the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Ti, Pb, Ni, Co, and Ba. The results of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) showed that there were four sources of trace elements in the YZRB, including the resuspension and dissolution of sediments (16.283%), agricultural source (11.436%), lithological source (47.418%), and soil-forming rocks (6.374%). Cluster analysis combined with PMF normalized contribution analysis, which showed that the trace elements found in the YZR’s mainstream were predominantly influenced by the surrounding rocks composition. Meanwhile, both the discharge of mining wastewater and sediments were marked in the Lhasa River. Additionally, agricultural activities were the chief contributors to the trace elements in the Nianchu River. Furthermore, the entire basin was subjected to the influence of soil-forming rocks. This study comprehensively analyzed and evaluated the physicochemical properties of water, the spatial distribution, and the pollution degree, and performed source analysis of trace elements in the YZRB. This research provides a foundational reference for further investigation of the spatial distribution and origins of trace elements in the rivers of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP).

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Water quality and health risk assessment of the water bodies in the Yamdrok-tso basin, southern Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Evaluation of Irrigation and Drinking Water in Bangong Co Lake Watershed in Northwest Tibetan Plateau

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Evaluation of Irrigation and Drinking Water in Bangong Co Lake Watershed in Northwest Tibetan Plateau

Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality evaluation for irrigation and drinking purposes of Bangong Co Lake Watershed

Concentration, Spatial Distribution, and Source Analysis of Trace Elements in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin and Its Two Tributaries

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