Abstract:The groundwater samples from Rapur area were collected from different sites to evaluate the major ion chemistry. The large number of data can lead to difficulties in the integration, interpretation, and representation of the results. Two multivariate statistical methods, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and factor analysis (FA), were applied to evaluate their usefulness to classify and identify geochemical processes controlling groundwater geochemistry. Four statistically significant clusters were obtained … Show more
“…Positive and significant correlation was also achieved between K + and EC (r = 0.77, α = 0.05), F − and T (r = 0.66, α = 0.05), Ec and Alk (r = 0.62, α = 0.05), and anions, such as HCO 3 − and SO 4 2− (r = 0.56, α = 0.05). But when compared with coastal aquifer of Khulna District, Bangladesh (Islam et al 2017); Rapur area, Andhra Pradesh, South India (Sreedhar et al 2016); Dongsheng coalfield, Ordos Basin, China (Li et al 2013). The high correlation coefficient was between Na + and Cl − , Ca 2+ and SO 4 2 while Potassium (K + ) and NO 3− were not significantly correlated to any other ions expect each other (r = 0.511, α = 0.05).…”
Section: Correlation Of Physicochemical Parametersmentioning
Background: Groundwater pollution ensuing from ion exchange, weathering, agricultural and anthropogenic activities is on the rise in Nigeria. Since groundwater is used for domestic purposes, there is need for routine investigation. Findings on hydrochemistry of the groundwater components is essential for efficient and viable management. As a result, 25 Abuja water samples were collected for microbial and chemical analyses using standard methods. The cations, anions, soluble ions, trace elements, and heavy metal were obtained and compared with WHO standards. Results: The Discriminant analysis results shown that the parameters such as hydrogen ion concentration (pH), temperature (T), alkalinity (Alk), dissolve silica (SiO 2), and cations such as calcium (Ca 2+), potassium (K +), as well as anions such as carbonates (CO 3 2−), fluoride (F −), nitrates (NO 3 −), and heavy metal (Mn) were within the WHO guideline values for drinking water in all the samples for both seasons. Na + , SO 4 2− , EC, Mg 2+ , TDS, Fe 2+ , HCO 3 − , F − , TH and Cl − contents exhibited the most violation of drinking water standards with percent violations of 100, 76, 64, 56, 56, 44, 40, 40, 36 and 24%, respectively. The highest level of significant correlation was found to exist between K + and EC (r = 0.77, α = 0.05). Four hydro chemical clusters were identified from Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) with clearly partitioned water quality. Series and time series plot reveals TDS concentration value between 1200 and 2100 mg/l, has the highest with the mean and SD are 1433.76 and 459.38, respectively. Further analysis revealed that 16, 36 and 48% of the samples were the Ca-Cl, Na-Cl, and Mixed types, respectively. Conclusion: Groundwater in the Abuja district is mainly hard to very hard, slightly acidic in nature, polluted by ion exchange, agricultural activities, anthropogenic activities, and weathering. Therefore, there is also need for routine monitoring of groundwater in Abuja.
“…Positive and significant correlation was also achieved between K + and EC (r = 0.77, α = 0.05), F − and T (r = 0.66, α = 0.05), Ec and Alk (r = 0.62, α = 0.05), and anions, such as HCO 3 − and SO 4 2− (r = 0.56, α = 0.05). But when compared with coastal aquifer of Khulna District, Bangladesh (Islam et al 2017); Rapur area, Andhra Pradesh, South India (Sreedhar et al 2016); Dongsheng coalfield, Ordos Basin, China (Li et al 2013). The high correlation coefficient was between Na + and Cl − , Ca 2+ and SO 4 2 while Potassium (K + ) and NO 3− were not significantly correlated to any other ions expect each other (r = 0.511, α = 0.05).…”
Section: Correlation Of Physicochemical Parametersmentioning
Background: Groundwater pollution ensuing from ion exchange, weathering, agricultural and anthropogenic activities is on the rise in Nigeria. Since groundwater is used for domestic purposes, there is need for routine investigation. Findings on hydrochemistry of the groundwater components is essential for efficient and viable management. As a result, 25 Abuja water samples were collected for microbial and chemical analyses using standard methods. The cations, anions, soluble ions, trace elements, and heavy metal were obtained and compared with WHO standards. Results: The Discriminant analysis results shown that the parameters such as hydrogen ion concentration (pH), temperature (T), alkalinity (Alk), dissolve silica (SiO 2), and cations such as calcium (Ca 2+), potassium (K +), as well as anions such as carbonates (CO 3 2−), fluoride (F −), nitrates (NO 3 −), and heavy metal (Mn) were within the WHO guideline values for drinking water in all the samples for both seasons. Na + , SO 4 2− , EC, Mg 2+ , TDS, Fe 2+ , HCO 3 − , F − , TH and Cl − contents exhibited the most violation of drinking water standards with percent violations of 100, 76, 64, 56, 56, 44, 40, 40, 36 and 24%, respectively. The highest level of significant correlation was found to exist between K + and EC (r = 0.77, α = 0.05). Four hydro chemical clusters were identified from Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) with clearly partitioned water quality. Series and time series plot reveals TDS concentration value between 1200 and 2100 mg/l, has the highest with the mean and SD are 1433.76 and 459.38, respectively. Further analysis revealed that 16, 36 and 48% of the samples were the Ca-Cl, Na-Cl, and Mixed types, respectively. Conclusion: Groundwater in the Abuja district is mainly hard to very hard, slightly acidic in nature, polluted by ion exchange, agricultural activities, anthropogenic activities, and weathering. Therefore, there is also need for routine monitoring of groundwater in Abuja.
“…It is due to weathering of silicate minerals like biotite, chlorite, muscovite, talc, feldspars and amphiboles Fig. 1.2 [9].Fig. 1.2Normalized bivariate plots.…”
The data represent on specific water quality monitoring parameters for 40 sampling points at Gudur area and Hydro geochemistry showed as spatial variation diagrams such as pH, TH, EC, TDS, SO4, HCO3, Ca, Mg, Na and F of Gudur area. The spatial maps show that high concentrations of physicochemical parameters in the North-East (NE) and South-East (SE) directions have been observed. The proper planning and various management activities were carried out with the help of these maps. The Gibbs diagram indicates the rock water interaction and bivariate plots data indicates the silicate weathering processes.
“…Te sample was uniformly mixed and poured into a 40 ml cell up to the mark and then inserted into the machine to read of turbidity values in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) displayed on the device's screen. COD determines the amount of oxygen required for the oxidation of organic matter using a strong chemical oxidant such as potassium dichromate under refux conditions [36]. Tis test is widely used to determine the same types of pollution as the BOD expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L).…”
Section: Efects Of Water Hyacinth On Physicochemical Watermentioning
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) degrades and obstructs the integrity of freshwater ecosystems. However, little attention has been paid to monitoring water hyacinth’s spatial extent, its determinants, and its effects on water quality in Lake Victoria, Uganda. The specific objectives of this paper are to (i) assess the spatial extent and distribution of water hyacinth; (ii) examine the determinants of water hyacinth distribution, and (iii) assess its impact on water quality. High-resolution satellite images (2016–2019) were obtained and used to monitor the spatial extent of the water hyacinth, a household survey was conducted to examine the determinants of the water hyacinth’s extent and patterns while water samples were drawn and analysed for physicochemical properties. Results show that the coverage and distribution of water hyacinth varied over space and time. Water hyacinth coverage primarily increased with a decrease in water surface area. The perceived factors that triggered the water hyacinth spread included the morphology of the Bay, effluent discharge, strong winds, speed of water current, water-level changes, ferry navigation, and construction activities at the shore. Water parameters significantly impacted by hyacinth were pH, TP, BOD, COD, DO, turbidity, and transparency. This study recommends the strict development and implementation of integrated weed control measures, catchment management plans, and point and nonpoint pollution source control.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
