Water purification by using Adsorbents: A Review

Singh, N.B.; Nagpal, Garima; Agrawal, Sonal; Rachna,

doi:10.1016/j.eti.2018.05.006

Cited by 763 publications

(362 citation statements)

References 264 publications

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“…To investigate the effect of temperature on the adsorption of Pb(II) on CES, the experimental conditions were as follows: temperature of 15–40°C, Pb(II) concentration of 50 mg/L, and pH of 7, and the experimental results are presented in Table and showed in Figure a,b. The energy change, Δ G o , is a measure of useful work in chemical reactions between the adsorbate and adsorbent (Singh et al, ) and is a state function that describes the direction of the change process for a certain chemical reaction (Choi & Yu, ). Δ G ° is negative for processes in which the change occurs spontaneously (Babu et al, ; Nag et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO), therefore, regulates the release of lead to levels below 0.01 ppm, which is also the case for arsenic or selenium (WHO, ). Thus, various studies have been conducted on the removal of lead from aqueous solutions (Ahmad et al, ; Barsbay, Kavaklı, Tilki, Kavaklı, & Güven, ; Choi, ; Choi et al, ; Singh, Nagpal, Agrawal, & Rachna, ; Yu & Choi, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical and physical treatments for lead removal have disadvantages, such as high installation, operation, and reagent costs and energy consumption, incomplete heavy metal removal, the production of toxic sludge, and the disposal secondarily generated waste (Singh et al, ). In contrast, heavy metal removal processes using biological adsorption techniques have the advantages of low operating costs and heavy metal recovery, the ability to reuse the biodegradable absorbents, and can minimize the volume of sludge to be treated (Choi & Yu, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, bio‐adsorption has the disadvantages of a low adsorption efficiency and long processing time (Yu & Choi, ). Recently, many researchers have studied methods to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions using biomaterials and wastes (Chen, Shah, Shi, & Chiang, ; Khatoon, Uddin, & Rao, ; Lee & Choi, ; Singh et al, ). Among the various methods, adsorption is very economical because it has a high treatment efficiency, short processing time, low sludge production, and ability to reuse the adsorbent (Anastopoulos, Karamesouti, Mitropoulos, & Kyzas, ; Choi & Yu, ; Islam et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamic for Pb(II) removal using a low‐cost hybrid biowaste adsorbent, eggshell/coffee ground/sericite

Choi

2019

Water Environment Research

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A hybrid adsorbent (CES), coffee grounds, eggshell powder and sericite as a binder, was prepared to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solution. The Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the CES contained a large amount of OH groups and had a favorable structure for adsorbing heavy metals. The value of pHpzc of CES was estimated at 7.08. In the neutral pH region, the surface of CES is negatively charged and favorable for adsorption of Pb(II). The maximum Langmuir adsorption amount was 155.67 mg/g, and the adsorption process of Pb(II) using CES fitted pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, the analysis of adsorption energy, free energy, enthalpy, and entropy found that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CES was physical and a spontaneous exothermic reaction. CES is a hybrid adsorbent using general municipal waste and has great advantages in terms of environmental conservation and sustainable environmental circulation. This allows it to compete with other adsorbents. Practitioner points A hybrid adsorbent, coffee grounds, eggshell, and sericite (CES), was used to remove Pb(II) Adsorption of Pb(II) using CES in an aqueous solution was physical rather than chemical CES contained a large amount of OH groups and had a favorable structure for adsorbing heavy metals The reactivity and strength of the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CES was very good CES has great advantages in terms of environmental conservation and sustainable environmental circulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessment of the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamic for Pb(II) removal using a low‐cost hybrid biowaste adsorbent, eggshell/coffee ground/sericite

Choi

2019

Water Environment Research

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“…Several conventional methods including oxidation, reduction, precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, and adsorption have been utilized for the removal of metal ions from an aqueous medium . Basically, the adsorption process is reported to be the most promising technique among the aforementioned methods for heavy metal removal from a contaminated water body, especially if the metal ions are found in minor concentrations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and activation of renewable durian husk for biosorption of lead (II) from an aqueous medium

Ngabura

Hussain

Ghani

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Background Biosorption of lead Pb(II) by durian husk activated carbon (DHAC) was investigated. The main aim of this work is to explore the effect of operating variables such as pH, biosorbent dose, temperature, initial metal ion concentration and contact time on the removal of Pb(II) from synthesized aqueous medium using a response surface methodology (RSM) technique. The experimentation was performed in two sets, namely set 1 and set 2. Results For experimental set 1, pH was set to 7.0. The optimum conditions for the remaining parameters were determined to be 0.39 g DHAC dose, 60 min contact time and 100 mg L−1 of initial metal ion concentration, which yielded maximum biosorption capacity of 14.6 mg g−1. For experimental set 2, 41.27 °C, 8.95 and 99.96 mg L−1 were the optimum conditions determined for temperature, pH and initial Pb(II) concentration, respectively; which revealed a maximum adsorption capacity of 9.67 mg g−1. Characterization of the adsorbent revealed active functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic, alcohol and hemicellulose. The equilibrium adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models with maximum Langmuir uptake of 36.1 mg g−1. Conclusions The biosorbent was capable of reuse, so that the abundant durian husk could be utilized effectively for the removal of Pb(II) from polluted water. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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