Water pollution indexing and health risk assessment due to PTE ingestion and dermal absorption for nine human populations in Southeast Nigeria

Evaluation of oral and dermal health risk exposures of contaminants in groundwater resources for nine age groups in two densely populated districts, Nigeria

“…Before being analyzed, samples were kept at 4 °C in the refrigerator for no more than seven days after being stored in an ice chest and transported to the lab. Portable meters were used to do in-situ measurements on parameters like temperature, pH, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) [ 71 ]. Each sampling day, the meters were calibrated using the appropriate guidelines.…”

Does Nickel-contaminated groundwater in a mining area cause health risks to vulnerable consumers?

“…Groundwater contamination can have severe implications for human health and sustainable social development. The primary goal of risk assessment is to safeguard the health of individuals who are exposed to water, either directly (such as through drinking water) or indirectly (such as consuming food irrigated with water), as well as protect aquatic ecosystems (Agbasi et al 2023). Humans can be exposed to heavy metals through various means, including inhalation via the mouth and nose, contact with the skin and ingestion.…”

Heavy metal contamination from fuel station run-off and carwash wastewater: An assessment of ecological risk and experimental treatment

“…The risk posed to human health by the high concentrations of heavy metals in water resources are observed in Nigeria [ 4 , 19 ], South Africa [ 20 ], Pakistan [ 21 ], Thailand [ 22 ] and in Ghana [ 23 ]. Heavy metals also pose serious ecological risks when assimilated into plants and animals [ 24 ].…”