Water-neutral micro direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) for portable applications

Blum, Arnon; Duvdevani, T.; Philosoph, M.; Rudoy, N; Peled, E.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00310-0

Cited by 208 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Nevertheless, issues such as water management and methanol crossover still limit the widespread commercial application of DMFC. [4][5][6][7][8] In particular, the permeation of methanol from the anode to the cathode presents a negative effect on the open circuit voltage, fuel efficiency utilization, and its overall performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Liu et al 19 reported the design of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) that consisted of a thin membrane and a backing layer coated with a highly hydrophobic microporous layer (MPL), in order to reduce the rates of both the water and methanol crossover. The MPL, in particular, plays an important role in the water management of DMFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Utilization of Carbon Nanocoil-supported PtRu Anode Catalyst by Applying Anode Microporous Layer for Improved Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance

et al. 2015

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The application of a microporous layer (MPL) between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer (CL) plays a crucial role in the performance of the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). To this end, this study investigates the effects of carbon loading and the nature of the carbon material used in the anode MPL on the performance of DMFC using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, polarization technique, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). DMFC was indigenously fabricated using 30 wt% PtRu catalyst supported on carbon nanocoil and commercial Pt catalyst as the anode CL and the cathode CL, respectively. Carbon nanoballoon (CNB) and Vulcan XC-72R (Vulcan) were used as the anode MPL. According to polarization studies, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with CNB and Vulcan MPLs (loading of 1.5 mg cm −2 ) shows higher power density. This is 1.3 and 1.8 times higher than that without the anode MPL when methanol concentration was 0.5 M (M = mol dm −3 ), respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) results indicate that the MEAs with the anode MPLs have lower highfrequency resistance and charge transfer resistance when compared to those without the anode MPL. Thus, it can be realized that the anode MPL plays a significant role in the effective utilization of CNC-supported PtRu anode catalyst, thereby improving DMFC performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Utilization of Carbon Nanocoil-supported PtRu Anode Catalyst by Applying Anode Microporous Layer for Improved Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance

et al. 2015

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“…Methanol from replaceable cartridges was used as fuel, the power generation device provided three times longer operating time than rechargeable batteries. A design configuration in a planar array [258,259] a "flip-flop" arrangement which allows a fully continuous electrolyte [259] is shown in Figure 33. The series combination performance of the two configurations is shown in Figure 34.…”

Section: Micro-laminar Flow Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can We Learn in Electrocatalysis, from Nanoparticulated Precious and/or Non-Precious Catalytic Centers Interacting with Their Support?

2016

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This review is devoted to discussing the state of the art in the relevant aspects of the synthesis of novel precious and non-precious electrocatalysts. It covers the production of Pt-and Pd-based electrocatalysts synthesized by the carbonyl chemical route, the synthesis description for the preparation of the most catalytically active transition metal chalcogenides, then the employment of free-surfactants synthesis routes to produce non-precious electrocatalysts. A compilation of the best precious electrocatalysts to perform the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is described; a section is devoted to the synthesis and electrocatalytic evaluation of non-precious materials which can be used to perform the HOR in alkaline medium. Apropos the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the synthesis and modification of the supports is also discussed as well, aiming at describing the state of the art to improve kinetics of low temperature fuel cell reactions via the hybridization process of the catalytic center with a variety of carbon-based, and ceramic-carbon supports. Last, but not least, the review covers the experimental half-cells results in a micro-fuel cell platform obtained in our laboratory, and by other workers, analyzing the history of the first micro-fuel cell systems and their tailoring throughout the time bestowing to the design and operating conditions.

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“…3 The performance of the DMFCs has been seriously limited by the poor activity of commercial anode catalysts. [4][5][6] Hence, the development of efficient and stable MOR catalysts is of vital importance. [7][8][9] So far, Pt has been the most efficient pure metal catalyst in DMFCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of Pd@Pt octahedra supported on carbon for electrocatalytic applications

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2017

AIChE Journal

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Due to the scarcity of Pt, it is highly desirable to construct core‐shell structures with ultrathin Pt shells while maintaining their high electrocatalytic activities. However, it is necessary to preferentially synthesize a core with a specific structure before further formation of core‐shell catalysts with specific morphologies. This prerequisite greatly increases the complexity of the synthesis process. This article describes a synthetic method of core‐shell Pd@Pt octahedra catalysts from Pd nanocubes, truncated nanocubes or truncated octahedra. The formation of octahedral core‐shell structures involves two key factors: (1) the oxidative etching process of Pd atoms at the corner sites; (2) the different reduction rates between Pt and Pd precursors. This mechanism can be extended to synthesize carbon‐supported sub‐8 nm Pd@Pt octahedra from commercial Pd/C catalysts. The derived carbon‐supported Pd@Pt octahedra catalysts performed comparable activity and durability for methanol oxidation reaction with state‐of‐art PtRu/C catalysts. This synthetic method provides an innovative path for large‐scale production of well‐controlled catalysts. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2528–2534, 2017

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Water-neutral micro direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) for portable applications

Cited by 208 publications

References 6 publications

Effective Utilization of Carbon Nanocoil-supported PtRu Anode Catalyst by Applying Anode Microporous Layer for Improved Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance

Effective Utilization of Carbon Nanocoil-supported PtRu Anode Catalyst by Applying Anode Microporous Layer for Improved Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance

What Can We Learn in Electrocatalysis, from Nanoparticulated Precious and/or Non-Precious Catalytic Centers Interacting with Their Support?

Facile synthesis of Pd@Pt octahedra supported on carbon for electrocatalytic applications

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