“…Repeat self-potential surveys of active volcanoes have been carried out in many areas during the last two decades; Kilauea (Zablocki, 1976), Etna (Massenet and Pham, 1985), Usu (Nishida and Tomiya, 1987;Nishida et al, 1996), Akita Yake-yama , Hokkaido Komaga-take (Matsushima et al, 1990), Soufriere (Zlotnicki et al, 1994), Unzen (Hashimoto and Tanaka, 1995), Tarumae (Miyamura et al, 1995), and Miyake-jima (Nishida et al, 1996). Obvious positive-polarity SP anomalies were often observed around volcanic vents or fissures where fumarole activity was taking place.…”