Water-Borne Outbreak of Campylobacter Gastroenteritis

Palmer, S.R.; Gully, Paul R.; White, Janet; Pearson, Andrew D.J.; Suckling, W.G.; Jones, David; Rawes, J.C.L.; Penner, J L

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91698-7

Cited by 186 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The vehicle in some larger outbreaks of campylobacteriosis has been identified as water (Mentzing, 1981;Vogt et al 1982;Palmer et al 1983), and in Colorado, USA, the drinking of unprotected water was found to be a risk factor for endemic campylobacter infection (Hopkins, Olmsted & Istre, 1984). In the present study, campylobacter infection was inversely related to the quality of the water supply, and faecal contamination of water supplies of animal and human origin was very common (H0jlyng et al 1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

High prevalence of campylobacter excretors among Liberian children related to environmental conditions

1988

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SUMMARYCampylobacter was the bacterial pathogen most prevalent in 859 children, aged 6-59 months, examined in a house-to-house diarrhoea survey in two Liberian communities. 44-9 % of the children from an urban slum and 284 % from a rural area were exeretors. Since the prevalence of diarrhoea was very high and consequently many convalescent carriers were found, it was not possible to evaluate the pathogenic role of campylobacter.The exeretor rate increased with age and was significantly correlated to the use of supplementary feeding, inversely correlated to the quality of the water supply, and also associated with helminthic infestation. Results from re-examination of 172 children suggested a high intensity of transmission.The findings all indicate the existence of a heavy environmental contamination with campylobacter, probably of both human and animal faecal origin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

High prevalence of campylobacter excretors among Liberian children related to environmental conditions

1988

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“…C. jejuni 8 11 16 has been extensively passaged in vitro since its isolation from a patient suffering from diarrhoea (Palmer et al, 1983). Fully motile colonies from thioglycollate plates containing 0.4% agar (motility media) (Caldwell et al, 1985), were cloned to purity and designated as wild-type (WT).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization of chicks by motility mutants of Campylobacter jejuni demonstrates the importance of flagellin A expression

Wassenaar

Zeijst

Ayling³

et al. 1993

Journal of General Microbiology

226

214

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Campylobacter jejuni strain 81 116 contains two flagellin genes, flaA and JlaB. Wild-type (WT) bacteria express JlaA only, but JlaB can be expressed under certain conditions. We have determined the importance of flagella for colonization of the avian caecum, which appears to be the natural environment for these bacteria. Mutants in which JlaA orJlaB, or both had been inactivated, and motility variants, were investigated. Flagella are not a requisite for colonization, but mutants lacking both flagellin genes colonized less efficiently than WT. Inactivation of the JlaB gene, which had no effect on bacterial motility, enhanced chicken caecal colonization 1000-fold compared to WT. A variant (SF-1) with flagella composed of flagellin A, but with poor motility, also colonized better than WT. Conversely, mutants with an inactivatedJEaA gene colonized 100-to 1000-fold less efficiently than WT, regardless of their motility conferred by truncated or full-length flagellin B flagella. These results suggest that the presence of flagellin A, rather than motility, is essential for optimal bacterial colonization of chicken caeca.

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“…Unpasteurized cows' milk (Hutchinson et al 280 S. M. ARIMI, C. R. FRICKER AND R. W. A. PARK 1985, Robinson et al 1979) and improperly prepared poultry (Brouwer et al 1979;Skirrow, 1982) are thought to be the major sources of human infections with C. jejuni; contaminated water has also been implicated (Mentzing, 1981;Palmer et al 1983 Bolton, Coates & Hutchinson (1985) reported that C. jejuni isolated from river water downstream from sewage effluent discharge sites were frequently of the same serotypes as those isolated from human faeces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of ‘thermophilic’ campylobacters in sewage and their removal by treatment processes

1988

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SUMMARYRemoval of thermophilic campylobacters from sewage at three different stages of treatment at a trickling filter sewage works has been assessed. Samples of incoming sewage, primary sedimentation effluent and final effluent were taken daily from 06.00 h to 20.00 h for 5 consecutive days and the numbers of campylobacters determined by using a most probable number method. Each sample was cultured using 2 h pre-enrichment followed by enrichment in Preston broth for 48 h and detection by plating. Over 78 % of the incoming campylobacters were removed after primary sedimentation and < 0-1 % remained in the final effluent. Campylobacter jejuni biotype I and biotype II constituted 81-5 % and 15-9 % respectively of the 232 isolates tested. Serotypes common in sewage were common in human faeces. It appears that the trickling filter sewage works removes most of the campylobacters entering the sewage works, but large numbers, estimated to be approximately 1010, are released into the environment daily from a local sewage works.

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Water-Borne Outbreak of Campylobacter Gastroenteritis

Cited by 186 publications

References 4 publications

High prevalence of campylobacter excretors among Liberian children related to environmental conditions

High prevalence of campylobacter excretors among Liberian children related to environmental conditions

Colonization of chicks by motility mutants of Campylobacter jejuni demonstrates the importance of flagellin A expression

Occurrence of ‘thermophilic’ campylobacters in sewage and their removal by treatment processes

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