Water-based routes for synthesis of metal-organic frameworks: A review

Abstract

Although metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show numerous advantages over other crystalline materials, their industrial relevances have been impeded owing to their many drawbacks such as environmental impacts and economic costs of their synthesis. A green preparation pathway could greatly reduce the environmental costs, energy, and the need for toxic organic solvents, and consequently reduce the production cost. Thus, the most desirable synthesis route is the replacement of harsh organic solvents with aqueous solutions to abate environmental and economic impacts. This review summarizes recent research advancements of water-based routes for MOF synthesis and gives a brief outline of the most prominent examples. The challenges and prospects of the commercialization of promising MOFs in the future are also presented. This study aims to offer necessary information regarding the green, sustainable, and industrially acceptable fabrication of MOFs for their commercial applications in the future.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: A porous Co(II)–MOF for selective C2H2/CO2 separation and treatment activity on virus-induced COPD via reducing tlr3 gene expression

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10]. Particularly, through the fine adjustment of the pore surrounding and pore size of the MOFs, great progresses have been made in the industrial separation of significant hydrocarbon mixtures such as C 3 H 6 /C 3 H 8 , C 2 H 4 /C 2 H 6 and C 2 H 2 /C 2 H 4 [11][12][13][14]. The separation for the C 2 H 2 /CO 2 with MOFs was first accomplished via Matsuda and others in 2005 utilizing the flexible skeleton.…”

Recent advances in the synthesis of monolithic metal-organic frameworks

“…The sol-gel derivation of monolithic metal-organic gels (MOGs) is a promising route for shaping direct gelation from precursors and avoiding the microcrystalline powder state [39]. The key to the success of the sol-gel method lies in the formation of MOG structures from aggregated MOF particles (MOFPs), which requires prevention of the continuous growth of MOFPs [40,41]. This depends on the regulation of synthetic conditions that dominate crystallization and precipitation during gelation, including the temperature and concentrations of precursors or additives that disturb coordination [42][43][44].…”

Rapid Room-Temperature Preparation of Hierarchically Porous Metal–Organic Frameworks for Efficient Uranium Removal from Aqueous Solutions

“…Compared with conventional microporous MOFs, mesopores and macropores in hierarchically porous MOFs can provide large channels to facilitate the diffusion and accessibility of guest molecules [ 15 ]. Meanwhile, micropores retain high surface area and guarantee abundant active sites [ 16 , 17 ]. However, the majority of MOFs are restricted to a microporous regime (pore size < 2 nm) [ 18 ].…”