Water‐based polyurethane dispersions

Abstract

A general overview is presented of the most relevant and commercially available aqueous polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) and their typical properties. This paper starts with the chemistry and the general composition of standard PUDs and subsequently urethane–acrylic hybrid dispersions are presented with special emphasis on the relation between the obtained morphology and the final material properties. In a section regarding crosslinkable PUDs, the two most frequently applied curing mechanisms are mentioned: firstly the introduction of carbonyl groups into PUDs which can be used for curing at room temperature with amino functional compounds by formation of azomethine moieties, and secondly the introduction of unsaturated fatty acid moieties into PUDs, which enable oxidative curing at ambient conditions. The paper then continues with a section on UV‐curable, acryloyl‐functional PUDs, followed by a section on an interesting new development, namely water‐based polyurethanes with special optic and haptic properties. The paper ends with a section on recently reported modifications of PUDs, including carbon nanotube‐ and graphene‐modified PUDs, PUDs modified with silane coupling agents and PUDs modified with biodegradable moieties. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Correlation between microstructure and properties of graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane composites investigated by positron annihilation spectroscopy

“…Much attention has been focused on waterborne polyurethane (WPU) materials, because of their nontoxic, excellent elasticity, exibility, abrasion resistance, and non-ammable properties and anticorrosion performance. 1 However, WPU possesses inferior mechanical properties, thermal stability, and barrier properties, compared to solvent-based polyurethane. 2 To overcome these problems, many kinds of nanollers (such as silica, metal oxides, carbon nanotube, graphene, graphene oxide, etc.)…”

The Influence of Nanofiller Shape and Nature on the Functional Properties of Waterborne Poly(urethane-urea) Nanocomposite Films

“…This is related to the fact that in a mixture of a good solvent (acetone) and poor solvent (water), hydrophobic polymer chains are more restricted in mobility because they form nanoparticles. Moreover, water addition results in the generation of urea [ 39 ], which was confirmed by the disappearance of the signal of methylene protons OCN- CH 2 - ( 11) (see Figure 3 ).…”

Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersions and Thin Films: Biodegradation and Antimicrobial Behaviors

“…Relatively new environmentally-friendly PUDs with almost no negative impact on the atmosphere have been developed in the last few years [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. One convenient way to eliminate the VOCs in the manufacturing of PUDs in different industrial products, such as coatings, paints, and inks, is by replacing the expensive and harmful organic solvents with cost effective, environmentally benign solvents, such as water [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The cost effective and environmental-friendly aqueous PUDs are excellent alternatives to their solventborne counterparts and have the potential to greatly reduce environmental pollution compared to using costly and harmful organic solvents.…”