Water and hydrogen in heavy liquid metal coolant technology

Мартынов, П. Н.; Gulevich, A. V.; Orlov, Yu. I.; Gulevsky, V. A.

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2005.05.063

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The reproducibility of the results from their experimental work in the presence of tin and lead and very low flow rates (less than 10 ml/min) needs to be confirmed [17]. Martynov et al [18] proposed a methane pyrolysis process for hydrogen production by direct-contact heat transfer from heavy liquid metal coolants (Pb-Bi). Paxman et al [19] have presented their preliminary experimental and theoretical investigations on methane cracking for hydrogen production with a molten metal reactor.…”

Section: Application Of Liquid Metal Technology To Methane Decarbonismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Abánades

Rathnam

Geißler

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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The development of a low-carbon technique to produce hydrogen from fossils would be of great importance during the transition to a long-term sustainable energy system. Methane decarbonisation, the well-known transformation of methane into hydrogen and solid carbon, is a potential candidate in this regard. At the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), a new alternative technology for methane decarbonisation applying liquid metal technology was proposed and an ambitious programme was set up in collaboration with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The comprehensive programme included the following: conceptual design of a liquid metal bubble column reactor and material testing, process engineering incorporating carbon separation and hydrogen purification, and a socioeconomic analysis. In the present paper, an overview of the programme along with some of the results, are presented. Results from the experimental campaigns show that the liquid metal reactor design works effectively in producing hydrogen and carbon separation. Other aspects of the technology such as socio-economics, environmental impact, and scalability also seem to be favourable making methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology a potential candidate for CO2-free hydrogen production.

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Section: Application Of Liquid Metal Technology To Methane Decarbonismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Abánades

Rathnam

Geißler

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…After a patent from Tyrer et al [4] in 1931, one of the first authors who proposed the decomposition of natural gas for hydrogen production by applying liquid tin as heat transfer fluid was Steinberg [5]. Martynov et al [6] and Gulevich et al [7] proposed a hydrogen production process by using heavy liquid metal coolants (Pb-Bi) while the methane for the pyrolysis reaction is fed to the lower section of a reaction vessel. Paxman et al [8] published theoretical investigations of methane cracking in a bubble column reactor with different injector designs (6 mm and 3 mm tube, 7 µm and 0.5 µm porous sparger).…”

Section: Ch G → C Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production via methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor with a packed bed

Geißler

Abánades

Heinzel

et al. 2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

188

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Methane pyrolysis experiments using a quartz glass-steel bubble column reactor filled with liquid tin and cylindrical quartz glass rings serving as a packed bed were conducted at various liquid metal temperature levels in the range of 930 °C to 1175 °C. Besides the liquid metal temperature, special attention was paid to the influence of the feed gas volume flow rate in the range of 50-200 mln/min and the inlet feed gas dilution with nitrogen. Increasing liquid metal temperatures resulted in increasing hydrogen yields, leading to a maximum hydrogen yield of 78 % at 1175 °C and 50 mln/min methane volume flow rate. Within all experimental runs, less than 1.5 mol-% intermediate products were detected in the product gas. The produced carbon appeared as a powder consisting of flake shaped agglomerations in the size range of 15 µm to 20 µm, wherein the particle size varied from 40 nm to 100 nm. During the experiments, the produced carbon was completely separated and accumulated at the top surface of the liquid metal. Only minor quantities were transported with the off gas stream. Within the liquid metal inventory, a thin carbon layer of about 10 µm, probably partly showing the formation of nanotubes, in the hot reaction zone, had been deposited on the quartz glass reactor wall.

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“…The separation of the solid carbon by floating on the molten metal offers a decisive advantage 10, 11. Martynov and Gulevich also proposed the use of molten heavy metals such as lead and bismuth as heat carriers for methane pyrolysis 12. Plevan et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modeling of Reactor Concepts to Avoid Carbon Deposition in Pyrolysis Reactions

Becker

Keuchel

Agar

2021

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Methane pyrolysis in an externally heated tubular reactor inevitably ends with clogging of the reactor. Thin molten metal wall films protect the walls from carbon depositions. A falling film reactor and a rotating film reactor are investigated by CFD simulation. The results show the considerable advantages of a rotating film reactor compared to the vertical film reactor. An alternative route for carbon production from methane is the implementation of an exothermic chlorination reaction. The tubular reactor concept involves the inflow of inert gas at the reactant inlet and through porous walls to ensure that the reaction takes place in the center, thus, largely reducing carbon deposits.

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Water and hydrogen in heavy liquid metal coolant technology

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Hydrogen production via methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor with a packed bed

CFD Modeling of Reactor Concepts to Avoid Carbon Deposition in Pyrolysis Reactions

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