Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands with Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow

Constructed Wetlands

“…The type of wetland can be distinguished according to criteria such as presence/absence of free water surface, use of rooted emergent aquatic plants (or free floating plants), and direction of flow (Vymazal, 2008). The three types of constructed wetlands discussed here are: 1) horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (Figures 1-2), 2) horizontal free water surface flow constructed wetlands , and 3) vertical flow constructed wetlands (Figure 5).…”

“…For more information about the design of constructed wetlands, refer to Crites and Tchobanoglous (1998), US EPA (1988), Kadlec and Knight (1996), Vymazal and Kröpfelová (2008), Wallace (2009) andMihelcic et al (2009). A review of pathogen fate in constructed wetlands is provided by .…”

Application of constructed wetland for urban lake water purification: Trial of Xing-qing Lake in Xi’an city, China

“…It has been noted from the literature that there is a lack of using CW for water pollution control in urban lake. [4] In addition, urban lake water qualities often vary from site to site and from year to year. Therefore results obtained from any study of urban lake water treatment via CW are specific to the particular location of the lake and its season.…”

Contribuciones para el tratamiento de aguas residuales con sistemas alternativos de bajo coste. Aplicaciones para el desarrollo en poblaciones reducidas y cooperación

“…Se trata de una apuesta sostenible y ecológicamente amigable que ya es considerada como posibilidad real de tratamiento para un amplio rango de tipos de aguas residuales (Vymazal, 2008).…”

“…Tal como se observa en la tabla anterior los valores obtenidos no se encuentran dentro de los límites típicos citados en la bibliografía para esta la modalidad de tratamiento (Vymazal, 2008). Ante estos resultados, se procede a comparar gráficamente los datos de entrada y de salida para los distintos elementos.…”