Abstract:Sewage water of Casablanca, an industrial city in Morocco, was studied for microorganisms resistant to heavy metals. Isolates were purified and collected on agar slants to be screened for resistance to heavy metals, including mercury in vitro. The strains that showed high resistance to heavy metals were also studied for their resistance to antibiotics and aromatic hydrocarbons. Results indicated that the strains most resistant to all tested products belonged to Ps. fluorescens, Ps. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneum… Show more
“…Hospital effluents are a major source of environmental contamination and contribute substantially to changes in the Pseudomonas communities. Our metagenomic data is therefore in agreement with previous studies that have shown that hospital wastewater discharges can change the structure and composition of the bacterial communities that they are discharged into [16, 26–30]. Fig.…”
BackgroundMulti-drug resistant forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) are a major source of nosocomial infections and when discharged into streams and rivers from hospital wastewater treatment plants (HWWTP) they are known to be able to persist for extended periods. In the city of Manaus (Western Brazilian Amazon), the effluent of three HWWTPs feed into the urban Mindu stream which crosses the city from its rainforest source before draining into the Rio Negro. The stream is routinely used by Manaus residents for bathing and cleaning (of clothes as well as domestic utensils) and, during periods of flooding, can contaminate wells used for drinking water.Results16S rRNA metagenomic sequence analysis of 293 cloned PCR fragments, detected an abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) at the stream’s Rio Negro drainage site, but failed to detect it at the stream’s source. An array of antimicrobial resistance profiles and resistance to all 14 tested antimicrobials was detected among P. aeruginosa cultures prepared from wastewater samples taken from water entering and being discharged from a Manaus HWWTP. Just one P. aeruginosa antimicrobial resistance profile, however, was detected from cultures made from Mindu stream isolates. Comparisons made between P. aeruginosa isolates’ genomic DNA restriction enzyme digest fingerprints, failed to determine if any of the P. aeruginosa found in the Mindu stream were of HWWTP origin, but suggested that Mindu stream P. aeruginosa are from diverse origins. Culturing experiments also showed that P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and the extent of biofilm formation produced were both significantly higher in multi drug resistant forms of P. aeruginosa.ConclusionsOur results show that a diverse range of MDRPA are being discharged in an urban stream from a HWWTP in Manaus and that P. aeruginosa strains with ampicillin and amikacin can persist well within it.
“…Hospital effluents are a major source of environmental contamination and contribute substantially to changes in the Pseudomonas communities. Our metagenomic data is therefore in agreement with previous studies that have shown that hospital wastewater discharges can change the structure and composition of the bacterial communities that they are discharged into [16, 26–30]. Fig.…”
BackgroundMulti-drug resistant forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) are a major source of nosocomial infections and when discharged into streams and rivers from hospital wastewater treatment plants (HWWTP) they are known to be able to persist for extended periods. In the city of Manaus (Western Brazilian Amazon), the effluent of three HWWTPs feed into the urban Mindu stream which crosses the city from its rainforest source before draining into the Rio Negro. The stream is routinely used by Manaus residents for bathing and cleaning (of clothes as well as domestic utensils) and, during periods of flooding, can contaminate wells used for drinking water.Results16S rRNA metagenomic sequence analysis of 293 cloned PCR fragments, detected an abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) at the stream’s Rio Negro drainage site, but failed to detect it at the stream’s source. An array of antimicrobial resistance profiles and resistance to all 14 tested antimicrobials was detected among P. aeruginosa cultures prepared from wastewater samples taken from water entering and being discharged from a Manaus HWWTP. Just one P. aeruginosa antimicrobial resistance profile, however, was detected from cultures made from Mindu stream isolates. Comparisons made between P. aeruginosa isolates’ genomic DNA restriction enzyme digest fingerprints, failed to determine if any of the P. aeruginosa found in the Mindu stream were of HWWTP origin, but suggested that Mindu stream P. aeruginosa are from diverse origins. Culturing experiments also showed that P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and the extent of biofilm formation produced were both significantly higher in multi drug resistant forms of P. aeruginosa.ConclusionsOur results show that a diverse range of MDRPA are being discharged in an urban stream from a HWWTP in Manaus and that P. aeruginosa strains with ampicillin and amikacin can persist well within it.
“…The results indicate that P. aeruginosa shows resistance compared to other bacteria as reported by Rachid (181) Tables I and II. The results indicate that these strains show resistance compared to other bacteria, as reported by Filali et al [11]. Strain P-7 was found to be the most resistant strain to the metals and antibiotics.…”
Section: Minimal Inhibitory Concentration Of Metal and Antibioticssupporting
In this study, siderophore-producing bacterial species have been isolated from soils contaminated with diesel oil. In P. aeruginosa (P-7) production of siderophores was inhibited at concentrations of ZnSO4 and CoCl2 of 2000 µM, while B. subtilis (BS-1) has increased siderophores production at similar concentrations of CoCl2 and ZnSO4. The same bacteria have increased the production of siderophores in presence of streptomycine (512 mg/ml). In B. subtilis the production of siderophores was inhibited by cefuroxime. The results show the effect of metals on the efficiency of siderophore production by bacteria for potential application in bioremediation of metalcontaminated iron-deficient soils in the microbial assisted phytoremediation processes. The results include the effect of metals on siderophore production efficiency of the bacteria used for the bioremediation of metal-contaminated soils. In conclusion, it has been found that heavy metals and antibiotics significantly effect the production of siderophores by bacteria.
“…and P. mirabilis strains, highly tolerant especially to copper and also to chromium, cobalt, cadmium, zinc, and mercury. Also, a highly resistant to several heavy metals (including mercury, copper, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, silver, and others) P. mirabilis strain was identified in wastewater samples from Casablanca City, Moroccco, also exhibiting resistance to naphthalene, anthracene, and antibiotics [40]. Another strongly copper resistant strain identified as P. vulgaris and isolated from soil samples collected near the Panki power plant in Kampur, India, was reported by Rani et al .…”
Section: Proteus In Bioremediation and Plant Growth Promotionmentioning
Proteus spp. bacteria were first described in 1885 by Gustav Hauser, who had revealed their feature of intensive swarming growth. Currently, the genus is divided into Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus penneri, Proteus hauseri, and three unnamed genomospecies 4, 5, and 6 and consists of 80 O-antigenic serogroups. The bacteria are known to be human opportunistic pathogens, isolated from urine, wounds, and other clinical sources. It is postulated that intestines are a reservoir of these proteolytic organisms. Many wild and domestic animals may be hosts of Proteus spp. bacteria, which are commonly known to play a role of parasites or commensals. However, interesting examples of their symbiotic relationships with higher organisms have also been described. Proteus spp. bacteria present in soil or water habitats are often regarded as indicators of fecal pollution, posing a threat of poisoning when the contaminated water or seafood is consumed. The health risk may also be connected with drug-resistant strains sourcing from intestines. Positive aspects of the bacteria presence in water and soil are connected with exceptional features displayed by autochthonic Proteus spp. strains detected in these environments. These rods acquire various metabolic abilities allowing their adaptation to different environmental conditions, such as high concentrations of heavy metals or toxic substances, which may be exploited as sources of energy and nutrition by the bacteria. The Proteus spp. abilities to tolerate or utilize polluting compounds as well as promote plant growth provide a possibility of employing these microorganisms in bioremediation and environmental protection.
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