Waste management by recycling of polymers with reinforcement of metal powder

Singh, Rupinder; Singh, Narinder; Fabbrocino, Francesco; Fraternali, Fernando; Ahuja, Inderpreet Singh

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.08.029

Cited by 69 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As is known, a ductile-type failure is preferable to a brittle-type failure; therefore, a design can be performed considering the strength hierarchy. This principle allows for the identification of a better way to design a new joint or eventually retrofit an existing one (e.g., adopting traditional or innovative solutions like as FRP, FRCM, or even newer technologies [38][39][40][41][42][43][44]) to achieve the desired behaviour and failure mode.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Oriented Model for the Assessment of T-Shaped Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frames

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Beam-column joints represent very important elements of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. In fact, beams and columns, at the boundary, generate internal forces acting on concrete core and on reinforcement bars with a very high gradient. To fully understand the seismic performances and the failure modes of T-shaped beam-column joints (external corner-positioned) in RC structures, a simplified analytical model of joint behaviour is proposed and theoretical simulations have been performed. The model is based on the solution of a system of equilibrium equations of cracked joint portions designed to evaluate internal stresses at different values of column shear forces. The main aim of the proposed model is to identify the strength hierarchy. Limit values of different internal stresses allow us to detect the occurrence of different failure modes (namely the failure of the cracked joint, the bond failure of passing through bars, and the flexural/shear failures of columns or beams) associated with column shear forces; the smaller one represents the capacity of the joint. The present work, focusing on T-shaped joints, could represent a useful tool for designers to quantify the performance of new structures or of existing ones. In fact, such a tool allows us to push an initial undesired failure mode to a more appropriate one to be evaluated. Finally, some experimental results of tests available in literature are reported, analysed, and compared to the predictions of the proposed model (by means of a worked example) and of some international codes. The outcomes confirm that failure modes and corresponding joint capacities require an analytical model, like the proposed one, to be accurately predicted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Oriented Model for the Assessment of T-Shaped Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frames

et al. 2017

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“…The increase of consumption of polymeric materials in various sectors of the industry and in the most diverse applications generates an expressive amount of post-processing waste, which can cause environmental problems making it necessary to adopt appropriate measures to reduce these problems [1,2]. The recycling of these plastics wastes is one of the most feasible ways to overcome these problems, because it allows combining environmental interests with economic benefits [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Strategy for the Use of Post-Processing Vacuum Bags from Aerospace Supplies: Nucleating Agent to LLDPE Phase in PA6/LLDPE Blends

et al. 2019

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In the aerospace industry, many composite parts are manufactured by processes using plastic vacuum bags made of polyamide 6 (PA6) as a consumable material. This implies that after demolding the part, this plastic material should be discarded, generating a considerable amount of waste. Tons of vacuum bags are discarded and incinerated per month by several companies in this sector, which highlights the need to recycle and/or reuse this material. PA6/linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) blends are of great technological interest because they can combine the excellent thermo-mechanical and oxygen barrier properties of the PA6 with high impact strength, good processability, and low cost of LLDPE. The replacement of neat PA6 by the post-processing vacuum bags residue PA6 may be a new strategy for the recycling of this material. In this work, PA6/LLDPE/maleic anhydride-grafted LLDPE (LLDPE-g-MA) (90/5/5) blends were prepared using a co-rotational twin-screw extruder and the neat PA6 was replaced by different contents of post-processing PA6 (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.%). The mechanical, thermal, and morphological characterization was evaluated. The increase in the content of post-processing PA6 caused an increase in the crystallinity degree of the LLDPE phase, acting as a nucleating agent to the LLDPE phase, reducing the toughening effect of this phase in the blends and, therefore, providing this phase to act as a reinforcing agent.

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“…This work is an extension of work reported on reinforced thermoplastic composites (secondary recycled) as RT [21][22][23] and is focussed on machinability of thermoplastics workpiece (WP) material (primary recycled). It should be noted that the machinability index for thermoplastics is available only for commercial grade of virgin *For correspondence thermoplastics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WP material has been selected as primary recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), whereas RT materials were secondary, reinforced LDPE with double [24]. Figure 1 shows the MFI tester used in the study [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, recycled LDPE granules without any reinforcement and with reinforcement as DPS Al 2 O 3 and recycled HDPE granules without any reinforcement and with reinforcement as TPS Al 2 O 3 were used for preparing the filament wires on TSE [21,22]. The wires prepared as filament were investigated for tensile properties on a universal tensile tester (UTT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigations for machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics with secondary recycled rapid tooling

2019

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This paper highlights the machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics as workpiece (WP) material with secondary recycled (reinforced) thermoplastic composites as rapid tooling (RT). Both WP and RT have been 3D printed on commercial fused deposition modelling. For investigating machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics, un-reinforced WP of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been selected. The RT materials were secondary reinforced (recycled) LDPE with double particle size Al 2 O 3 particles and HDPE with triple particle size Al 2 O 3. The machinability has been calculated in terms of weight loss of WP, while machining on a vertical milling setup. This study also reports the surface hardness, porosity, surface roughness (Ra) and photomicrographic observations of WP and RT under controlled machining conditions. Further thermal analysis suggests that primary recycled thermoplastic can be successfully machined with secondary recycled RT, resulting in improved thermal stability and surface properties.

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Waste management by recycling of polymers with reinforcement of metal powder

Cited by 69 publications

References 32 publications

Design Oriented Model for the Assessment of T-Shaped Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frames

Design Oriented Model for the Assessment of T-Shaped Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frames

A New Strategy for the Use of Post-Processing Vacuum Bags from Aerospace Supplies: Nucleating Agent to LLDPE Phase in PA6/LLDPE Blends

Investigations for machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics with secondary recycled rapid tooling

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