Warning of Realization of Degradation Failure of Elements of Mechanical Equipmentof Water-Transport Hydrotechnical Structures

Abstract

In this paper a presents the results of a study of the possibility of preventing the failure of elements of mechanical equipment of water transport hydraulic structures, in particular navigable locks, as a result of the course of destructive aging processes. At present, technical diagnostics of mechanical equipment is carried out to prevent the implementation of such failures, including using methods and means of nondestructive testing. The methods used to control the technical condition of the elements of mechanical equipment generally meet modern requirements. Their use makes it possible to ensure the safety of structures with the available intensity of shipping traffic. As a result of the performed analysis of failures and damages of elements of the mechanical equipment of navigation locks it is established that one of the main aging processes is fatigue (corrosion-fatigue) damage, in particular, low-cycle fatigue. The analysis of the assessment of the technical condition of similar products abroad showed the identity of the aging processes of the elements and the directions for their timely detection. The paper presents a calculated dependence, which can be used in assessing the technical state of the elements of mechanical equipment, including when determining their remaining life time. As a result of the calculation and full-scale studies, laboratory and experimental tests, there is a high anisotropy of the enlarged elements of mechanical equipment for the distribution of mechanical stresses from the applied loads, as well as the dependence of the probability of damage from the strain-stress state of the site. In the final part of the work, proposals have been developed on the formation of rational systems for monitoring the technical condition of the elements of the mechanical equipment of navigation locks, taking into account the actual capabilities of the non-destructive testing methods used, as well as existing and prospective physical methods for estimating the strain-stress state.