Warm and dry weather accelerates and elongates Cladosporium spore seasons in Poland

Abstract

Temperature is the environmental factor that systematically changes for decades and, as in plants and animals, can significantly affect the growth and development of fungi, including the abundance of their sporulation. During the time of study (2010–2012), a rapid increase in air temperature was observed in Poland, which coincided with the substantial decrease in rainfall. The increase in annual mean temperatures at three monitoring sites of this study was 0.9 °C in Lublin and Rzeszow (east Poland) and 2.0 °C in Poznan (west Poland). Such warming of air masses was comparable to the average global air temperature rise in the period of 1880–2012 accounting for 0.85 °C, as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Moreover, there was a substantial decrease in rainfall, ranging from 32.7 % (Poznan) to 43.0 % (Rzeszow). We have demonstrated that under such conditions the mean and median values of total Cladosporium spore counts significantly increased and the spore seasons were greatly accelerated. Moreover, earlier start and later end of the season caused its extension, lasting from over 20 days in Rzeszow to around 60 days in Lublin and Poznan, when the cumulative amount of 5–95 % of spores was considered. The time of reaching the cumulative amount of 50 % of spores was up to 25 days earlier (difference in Poznan between 2010 and 2012). There was also a striking acceleration of the date of the maximal Cladosporium spore concentration per cubic metre of air (26 days for Lublin, 43 for Poznan and 56 for Rzeszow).

Grain harvesting as a local source of Cladosporium spp. in Denmark

“…The monthly SIns, the number of days with average concentration above 3,000 Spores m -3 , and the value of the peak concentrations in Viborg were lower compared with the values reported from Poland (Kasprzyk et al 2016;Grinn-Gofroń and Mika 2008), England (Sadyś et al 2016), and France (Sindt et al 2016) but higher than those found in Morocco (Bardei et al 2017), Croatia (Peternel et al 2003) and northern Portugal (Oliveira et al 2009). The climatic conditions and the type of land cover determine both the availability of organic material in the form of vegetation, that is prerequisite nutrient for fungi, and the growth of fungi mycelium leading to sporulation.…”

“…Cladosporium conidia belong to the so-called dry spores, as higher temperatures and absence of precipitation have been frequently observed to facilitate the increase in their air concentrations (Kasprzyk et al 2016;Aira et al 2012). The value of spearman correlation coefficient for the T mean found in this study is comparable to the reported previously, and despite the absence of correlation with precipitation, the highest concentrations of spores were observed on the dry days.…”

The fluctuations of airborne fungal components in western Romania

“…This relationship is clearly visible in this study. Data analysis revealed the fact that daily mean temperature was the most important meteorological parameter positively affecting Cladosporium spore concentrations in the air (Kasprzyk et al, 2016). A decrease in spore concentration was related to increasing maximum temperature.…”

Diversidad Fúngica en La Atmósfera De La Habana (Cuba) Durante Tres Períodos Poco Lluviosos

“…Este tiene un desarrollo óptimo entre 20 y 28 ºC, valores de temperatura que se alcanzan en estos períodos poco lluviosos. Varios autores han planteado que la temperatura influye notablemente sobre la biología de este género (Grinn-Gofron y Bosiacka 2015, Kasprzyk et al 2016). En Rumanía, Ianovici (2016) comprobó que esta variable meteorológica tenía una fuerte influencia sobre su concentracion en el aire.…”