Walnuts (Seeds of &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Juglandis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;sinensis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; L.) Protect Human Epidermal Keratinocytes against UVB-Induced Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis through Upregulation of ROS Elimination Pathways

Park, Gunhyuk; Kim, H.G.; Hong, Sungchae; Kim, S.Y.; Oh, Myung Sook

doi:10.1159/000354917

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These data indicate that ROS play an upstream role of caspase, AIF, Endo G and RIPK1 in SHK-induced apoptosis. ROS typically promote mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis424344. We consider that ROS play an upstream role and mediate mitochondria-related apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shikonin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity of gastric cancer through reactive oxygen species

Liang

Cai

Chen³

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The prognosis of gastric cancer remains poor due to clinical drug resistance. Novel drugs are urgently needed. Shikonin (SHK), a natural naphthoquinone, has been reported to trigger cell death and overcome drug resistance in anti-tumour therapy. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness and molecular mechanisms of SHK in treatment with gastric cancer. In vitro, SHK suppresses proliferation and triggers cell death of gastric cancer cells but leads minor damage to gastric epithelial cells. SHK induces the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarizes the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ultimately triggers mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. We confirmed that SHK induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells not only in a caspase-dependent manner which releases Cytochrome C and triggers the caspase cascade, but also in a caspase-independent manner which mediates the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and Endonuclease G. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SHK enhanced the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our data show that SHK may be a novel therapeutic agent in the clinical treatment of gastric cancer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shikonin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity of gastric cancer through reactive oxygen species

Liang

Cai

Chen³

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…The effects of sunlight on free radical generation and on collagen, elastin and carotenoid degradation have been well described both with sun simulators and real outdoor sun exposures [2,3,4]. Thus, numerous studies have shown the need for effective ultraviolet protection [5,6,7]. More recently, the contribution of IR to skin damage has also been considered [8,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low to Moderate Doses of Infrared A Irradiation Impair Extracellular Matrix Homeostasis of the Skin and Contribute to Skin Photodamage

Robert

Bonnet²,

Marques³

et al. 2015

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Human skin is daily exposed to sun rays, which include not only ultraviolet radiation, but also an important quantity of infrared (IR) radiation. In the past few years, many publications have underlined the negative impact of IR radiation on the human skin, particularly when the skin and/or the cells are exposed to high sun irradiance and significant doses of IR. In the present study, we demonstrate, in vitro on normal human fibroblasts, that even under low irradiance with single or very few repeated doses, infrared A irradiation (IRA) produces free radicals, triggers major changes in the expression of the type I collagen and elastin network, impairs the dermal-epidermal junction, upregulates several matrix metalloproteinases and has an impact on the expression of key genes of the extracellular matrix. We conclude that chronic or discretionary exposure to IRA could play a role that is more important than expected in premature skin aging.

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“…Exogenous antioxidants must be supplied with food, such as vitamin C and E, carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein), polyphenols (e.g., flavonoids) and trace elements (e.g., selenium, zinc) [14,15]. Today, the oral intake of antioxidants seems to be an effective source for protecting the body against oxidative stress [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Antioxidant Status of the Skin by In Vivo-Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy

et al. 2015

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Organisms produce free radicals which are essential for various metabolic processes (enzymatic oxidation, cellular respiration, signaling). Antioxidants are important chemical compounds that specifically prevent the oxidation of substances by scavenging radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS). Made up of one or two unpaired electrons, ROS are free radicals that are highly reactive and can attack other metabolites. By using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, it is possible to measure paramagnetic substances such as free radicals. Therefore the dermal antioxidant activity can be determined by applying semi-stable radicals onto the skin and measuring the antioxidant-induced radical scavenging activity in the skin. In recent years, EPR has been OPEN ACCESS Cosmetics 2015, 2 287 developed as a spectroscopic method for determining the antioxidant status in vivo. Several studies have shown that an additional uptake of dietary supplements, such as carotenoids or vitamin C in physiological concentrations, provide a protective effect against free radicals. Using the EPR technique it could be demonstrated that the radical production in stress situations, such as irradiation with infrared and visible light, was reduced with time. However, not only the oral uptake of antioxidants, but also the topical application of antioxidants, e.g., a hyperforin-rich cream, is very useful against the development of oxidative stress. Regular application of a hyperforin-rich cream reduced radical formation. The skin lipids, which are very important for the barrier function of the skin, were also stabilized.

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Walnuts (Seeds of <b><i>Juglandis</i></b> <b><i>sinensis</i></b> L.) Protect Human Epidermal Keratinocytes against UVB-Induced Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis through Upregulation of ROS Elimination Pathways

Cited by 30 publications

References 55 publications

Shikonin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity of gastric cancer through reactive oxygen species

Shikonin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity of gastric cancer through reactive oxygen species

Low to Moderate Doses of Infrared A Irradiation Impair Extracellular Matrix Homeostasis of the Skin and Contribute to Skin Photodamage

Determination of the Antioxidant Status of the Skin by In Vivo-Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy

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