Wall structure and surface chemistry of hydrothermal carbon nanofibres

Ye, Haihui; Naguib, Nevin; Gogotsi, Yury; Yazıcıoğlu, Almıla G.; Megaridis, Constantine M.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/15/1/042

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…A higher resolution TEM image [see Fig. 4(b)] reveals the finer detail of this conical scroll structure, which is similar to the one described in [15]. Finally, the same image shows that tube surface also possesses a "herringbone" wall structure and chemically stable arched edges [16] that were induced by the 3000 C heat treatment employed to graphitize the carbon and remove the catalyst.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 61%

Dielectrophoretic Assembly of Carbon Nanofiber Nanoelectromechanical Devices

Evoy

Riegelman

Naguib

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology

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We report a technique for the assembly of bottom-up nanomechanical devices. This technique employs the dielectrophoretic manipulation of nanostructures within a multiple layer lithography process. Mechanical resonators were specifically produced by assembling and clamping tubular carbon fibers onto prefabricated pads. Our preliminary results showed that an assembled cantilevered fiber with length L = 5 µm and width of W = 180 nm possessed a resonant frequency of f = 1.17 MHz. A shorter L = 3-µm-long singly clamped resonator of similar width showed a resonance of f = 3.12 MHz. This frequency range is in agreement with the low gigapascal bending moduli previously reported for carbon structures showing extensive volume defects. This technology would allow the integration of bottom-up nanostructures with other more established fabrication processes, thus allowing the deployment of engineered nanodevices in integrated systems. KeywordsDetectors, materials processing, microelectromechanical systems, microresonators, nanotechnology This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of the University of Pennsylvania's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to pubs-permissions@ieee.org. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it. Author(s)Stephane Evoy, Michael A. Riegelman, Nevin Naguib, Haihui Ye, Papot Jaroenapibal, David E. Luzzi, and Yury Gogotsi This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/mse_papers/76

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 61%

Dielectrophoretic Assembly of Carbon Nanofiber Nanoelectromechanical Devices

Evoy

Riegelman

Naguib

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology

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“…73 Further investigation by EELS suggested that the "hairs" were functional groups containing oxygen and carbon, thus corroborating the hydrophilic behavior of the as-synthesized CNFs.…”

Section: Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 67%

“…108 The chemical stability of CNFs allow their surface chemistry to be controlled with variable wettability; both hydrophobic 40,109,110 and hydrophilic 40,48,73,111 surfaces have been demonstrated. Chemical, biochemical, and electrochemical functionalizations of VACNF material are often preceded by an oxidation step in which amorphous material is removed and oxygen-containing moieties are generated on the surface; most commonly noted are carboxyl surface terminus species.…”

Section: Chemical Functionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface characterization and functionalization of carbon nanofibers

Klein¹,

Melechko²,

McKnight³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

161

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Carbon nanofibers are high-aspect ratio graphitic materials that have been investigated for numerous applications due to their unique physical properties such as high strength, low density, metallic conductivity, tunable morphology, chemical and environmental stabilities, as well as compatibility with organochemical modification. Surface studies are extremely important for nanomaterials because not only is the surface structurally and chemically quite different from the bulk, but its properties tend to dominate at the nanoscale due to the drastically increased surface-to-volume ratio. This review surveys recent developments in surface analysis techniques used to characterize the surface structure and chemistry of carbon nanofibers and related carbon materials. These techniques include scanning probe microscopy, infrared and electron spectroscopies, electron microscopy, ion spectrometry, temperature-programed desorption, and atom probe analysis. In addition, this article evaluates the methods used to modify the surface of carbon nanofibers in order to enhance their functionality to perform across an exceedingly diverse application space.

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“…[4] For this reason, the search for new synthetic strategies for the generation of carbon materials with controllable microand nanostructures has been an appealing topic in materials chemistry. This is because of the many important applications of these materials, for example, as adsorbents, filter materials, [5] catalyst supports, [6] electrode materials, [7] energy-storage materials, [8] or stationary phases in liquid chromatography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication and Coating of Silica Templates by Hydrothermal Carbonization

Titirici

Thomas

Antonietti

2007

Adv Funct Materials

252

153

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Hierarchical carbon materials with functional groups residing at the surface are prepared for the first time by using nanostructured silica materials as templates in combination with hydrothermal carbonization at mild temperatures (180 °C). Different carbon morphologies (e.g., macroporous casts, hollow spheres, carbon nanoparticles, and mesoporous microspheres) can be obtained by simply altering the polarity of the silica surface. The surface functionality and hydrophilicity of the resulting materials are assessed by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron analysis, and water porosimetry. Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction measurements show that the materials are of the carbon‐black type, similar to charcoal.

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Wall structure and surface chemistry of hydrothermal carbon nanofibres

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

Dielectrophoretic Assembly of Carbon Nanofiber Nanoelectromechanical Devices

Dielectrophoretic Assembly of Carbon Nanofiber Nanoelectromechanical Devices

Surface characterization and functionalization of carbon nanofibers

Replication and Coating of Silica Templates by Hydrothermal Carbonization

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