Wake Characteristics and Power Performance of a Drag-Driven in-Bank Vertical Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine

Lee, Jiyong; Musa, Mirko; Feist, Christopher; Gao, Jie; Shen, Lian; Guala, Michele

doi:10.3390/en12193611

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…45 Each β subunit in Hp has four N-glycosylation sites comprising mainly bi-and triantennary sialylated complex N-glycans, that may be monoor difucosylated. 46 Shown in Figure S4a, b are the representative mass spectra acquired in positive ion mode for aqueous solutions (200 mM ammonium acetate, pH 6.8 and 25 °C) of Hp1−1 (0.25 mg mL −1 ) alone and in the presence of hGal-3C (2.5 μM) and P ref (scFv, 2.5 μM), respectively, measured at a cone voltage of 20 V. Inspection of the mass spectrum reveals ion signal consistent with the Hp1−1 homodimer at charge states +18 to +21, vide infra. Unlike AGP, the charge states of the Hp1−1 ions could not be directly identified from mass spectra acquired at higher cone voltages and were instead determined from UniDec analysis of the mass spectrum.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, the N-glycans released from the three GPs are consistent with results reported previously. 37,46,51,52 Glycans corresponding to 15 different M W s (and compositions) and consisting of bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary structures with a range of sialylation and fucosylation, were produced from AGP. According to the ESI mass spectrum, fully sialylated bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary glycans without fucose were the most abundant, followed by sialylated tri-and tetra-antennary glycan with fucose.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multipronged ESI–MS Approach for Studying Glycan-Binding Protein Interactions with Glycoproteins

et al. 2019

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A multipronged electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI−MS) approach for investigating glycan-mediated interactions between water-soluble glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) and glycoproteins (GPs) is described. First, the catch-and-release (CaR)−ESI−MS assay, carried with ion mobility separation prior to GBP "release" (i.e., CaR IMS −ESI−MS), is employed to rapidly identify GBP-GP binding in solution. The apparent affinity (K a ) of the GBP for the GP is then measured using the competitive proxy ligand-ESI−MS binding assay. Finally, N-glycans, enzymatically released as free oligosaccharides from the GP, are screened against the GBP using ESI−MS to identify the glycans that are recognized by the GBP. Measurements performed at multiple GBP concentrations allow for the affinities of released N-glycans (grouped as compositional isomers) to be ranked. Implementation of the approach is illustrated using the known interactions between a C-terminal domain fragment of human galectin-3 (hGal-3C) and three human serum GPs, α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), haptoglobin phenotype 1−1 (Hp1−1) and α-2macroglobulin (α2M). Specific binding of hGal-3C to each GP was successfully detected by CaR IMS −ESI−MS; no binding was detected for a noninteracting reference protein, which served as a negative control. The K a measured by proxy ligand-ESI−MS for AGP, Hp1−1 and α2M (4 × 10 5 M −1 , 2 × 10 5 M −1 and 3 × 10 5 M −1 , respectively) are consistent with the reported apparent affinities of hGal-3 for serum GPs and their N-glycans. Screening the N-glycan libraries of each of the GPs against hGal-3C identified ligands corresponding to a total of 20 different saccharide compositions with sialylated bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary structures. The results of binding measurements performed at two different hGal-3C concentrations revealed that all of the Nglycan ligands exhibit affinities ≥10 4 M −1 .

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multipronged ESI–MS Approach for Studying Glycan-Binding Protein Interactions with Glycoproteins

et al. 2019

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“…Other high‐fidelity methods, such as large eddy simulation (LES) and detached eddy simulation (DES), are expected to give more accurate predictions, especially on flow characteristics with massive flow separation. Gao 20 and Lee 21 studied the turbine performance and wake structures of a drag‐type vertical axis hydrokinetic turbine using LES accompanied by a prototype experiment for validation. Although their simulations help to address step‐by‐step changes in the blade shape and operating tip speed ratio during optimization design process, it is reported in the literature that one simulation of 1.8 m long, 0.3 m wide and 0.54 m deep computational domain needs around 1800 h with 768 cores on the supercomputer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of power performances and flow characteristics for a Savonius rotor by vortex particle method

2022

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This study investigates the implementation of the vortex particle method (VPM) with the goal of efficiently and accurately estimating the power performances and flow characteristics for a Savonius rotor. The accuracy and efficiency of simulation methods are critical for the reliable design of Savonius rotors. Among various approaches, VPM is chosen because it can be flexibly incorporated with selfcorrection techniques, and the distribution of bound vortex particles can effectively represent complex geometries. In this work, a double-trailing-edge-wake-modeling vortex particle method (DTVPM) is presented to extend the working range of VPM for dealing with large rotating amplitudes and high tip speed ratios (TSRs). DTVPM addresses asymmetrical torque predictions for a Savonius rotor without gap width. However, DTVPM performs poorly at high TSRs due to the absence of viscous effects near the surface. To capture complex wake structures, such as reverse flow structures, the viscous correction for tip vortices is suggested. The current research focuses on the implementation and validation of DTVPM for predicting torque coefficients and wake patterns, as well as comparisons to OpenFOAM results. Twodimensional and incompressible flow is estimated at λ = 0.2-1.2. For the studied cases, a maximum power coefficient is obtained at λ ≈ 0:8, consistent with published experimental data. In addition, the process of trailing-edge vortices generation and detachment is captured by DTVPM. The comparison results between OpenFOAM and DTVPM show that DTVPM allows to efficiently simulate a Savonius rotor without any empirical parameters. DTVPM will help to improve existing engineering models for wind energy fields.double-trailing-edge-wake-modeling, flow characteristics, power performances, Savonius rotor, vortex particle method | INTRODUCTIONThe Savonius rotor is one of the simplest wind turbines, consisting of at least two curved blades. Each blade has two sharp edges. Many geometrical parameters affect the operation of Savonius rotor, such as number of blades, gap width, number of stages, and blade shape. Early experimental

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Experimental evaluation of coaxial horizontal axis hydrokinetic composite turbine system

et al. 2020

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Wake Characteristics and Power Performance of a Drag-Driven in-Bank Vertical Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Multipronged ESI–MS Approach for Studying Glycan-Binding Protein Interactions with Glycoproteins

Multipronged ESI–MS Approach for Studying Glycan-Binding Protein Interactions with Glycoproteins

Estimation of power performances and flow characteristics for a Savonius rotor by vortex particle method

Experimental evaluation of coaxial horizontal axis hydrokinetic composite turbine system

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