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Abstract

(CCDB) in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Barcode Index Numbers (BINs -automated code numbers given to unique barcode clusters) were assigned to sequences as short as >300 bp, although formal recognition of AbstractThe species of the cleptoparasitic (cuckoo) bee genus Epeolus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae) occurring in Canada are revised. A total of 12 species are confirmed, with one additional species (E. ilicis Mitchell) listed as possibly occurring in Canada. Morphological comparisons of primary types and continuous variation within species, in addition to DNA barcode sequence analysis of recently collected specimens from across the range of each species support the following proposed synonymies: E. lanhami Mitchell, syn. n., and E. montanus (Cresson), syn. n., under E. americanus (Cresson); E. gabrielis (Cockerell), syn. n., E. geminatus Cockerell and Sandhouse, syn. n., and E. hitei Cockerell, syn. n., under E. compactus Cresson; E. arciferus Cockerell, syn. n., E. beulahensis Cockerell, syn. n., E. lutzi Cockerell, syn. n., E. lutzi dimissus Cockerell, syn. n., and E. pilatei Cockerell, syn. n., under E. minimus (Robertson); and E. humillimus Cockerell, syn. n., E. rubrostictus Cockerell and Sandhouse, syn. n., E. rufomaculatus Cockerell and Sandhouse, syn. n., and E. tristicolor Viereck, syn. n., under E. olympiellus Cockerell. The synonyms of E. americanus, E. compactus, and E. minimus proposed here were first proposed by Richard L. Brumley in an M.Sc. thesis published in 1965, but have until now not been validated. A dichotomous identification key to the Canadian species is presented, and their biology and life history is discussed and contrasted with that of Triepeolus Robertson and other cuckoo bees. barcode compliant sequences requires a minimum length of 500 bp Hebert 2007, 2013). To validate species designations of specimens and to check for contamination errors, sequences with unique BINs were compared to one another and to short, noncompliant sequences that clustered with compliant ones in a neighbour-joining (NJ) tree, based on Kimura's two-parameter distance model (Kimura 1980). Cases involving change in taxonomic status always prioritized morphological evidence over DNA barcoding, and barcoding merely confirmed what was already suspected to be continuous intraspecific variation in morphology. BINs are available for all species recorded in Canada except E. ilicis and are provided in the taxonomic treatment for each species. Sequences for "barcoded" specimens are published in BOLD (http://www. barcodinglife.org) in the "Epeolus of North America" project, and will be made available on GenBank (http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) following a revision of all Nearctic Epeolus species north of Mexico.Anatomical and taxonomic terms used generally follow Michener (2007), except I use the terms frontal and vertexal areas instead of frons and vertex, respectively, following Prentice (1998) and Dumesh and Packer (2013), as these are not clearly delimited structural features. Puncture density is quantified...

An updated checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) of Pennsylvania, United States of America

“…Supplemental material # Schwarz and Gusenleitner 2004;Matteson et al 2008;Rightmyer 2008;Gibbs 2009Gibbs , 2010DeBarros 2010;Droege et al 2010;Rehan and Sheffield 2011;Gibbs et al 2013;Sidhu 2013;Gibbs and Dathe 2017;Onuferko 2017Onuferko , 2018Mikulas and Barringer 2018). We compiled 1,283 specimen records from these sources (Suppl.…”

Monotypic no more – a new species of the unusual genus Schwarzia (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Biastini)

“…An interesting and prominent morphological difference between S. emmae and S. elizabethae are the finely punctate supraclypeal protrusions of S. emmae, which are entirely absent in S. elizabethae . Very similar morphological structures occur in several not closely related bees, such as diverse species of Epeolus Latreille, 1802(e.g., E. bifasciatus Cresson, 1864, E. boliviensis Friese, 1908Onuferko 2017, Onuferko 2018, Holcopasites (H. bigibbosus Hurd & Linsley, 1972) or Chilicola Spinola, 1851 (e.g., Chilicola obesifrons Packer, 2007;Packer and Genaro 2007). Certain species of the Coelioxys Latreille, 1809 subgenera Synocoelioxys Mitchell, 1973(e.g., Coelioxys apacheorum Cockerell, 1900, Coelioxys texana Cresson, 1872 and Glyptocoelioxys Mitchell, 1973 bear granulose swellings around the median ocellus, which are similar in surface structure to protrusions of aforementioned taxa.…”

Three new species and new records of cuckoo bees of the genus Epeolus in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Nomadinae)

“…The species and sexes in this genus are very uniform in general appearance, smaller or middle sized (4-9 mm in total body length), and robust with a slightly conical metasoma. Their integument colouration is largely black, although in some species parts of the body are largely red or reddish brown, and all species typically possess bands and spots of white or yellowish tomentum on their body (WESTRICH 1989, ONUFERKO 2017. Bees of the genus Colletes Latreille, 1802 are the only known hosts of Epeolus, and most species of Epeolus are specialized on only one species of Colletes; only some usually common and widespread species intrude nests of more Colletes hosts (WESTRICH 1989, AMIET et al 2007).…”