Vulnerable Youth and Transitions to Adulthood

Abstract

This chapter focuses on vulnerable youth, the challenges they face during their transitions to adulthood, and the adverse effects of limited support systems on those transitions. The authors offer recommendations on how adult educators can help facilitate smooth transitions into adulthood for vulnerable youth.

Applicability of IPS principles to job inclusion of vulnerable youth

“…The descriptions of the needs and situation of vulnerable youth from these Norwegian pilots echoes findings from a large body of research literature from other European countries and the U.S. (Johansson & Höjer, 2012;Mascherini et al, 2012;Noble-Carr et al, 2015;Osgood, Foster, & Courtney, 2010;Van Parys & Struyven, 2012;Xie, Sen, & Foster, 2014). I believe that the findings can thereby also be relevant to vulnerable youth in other countries than Norway.…”

“…Continuous follow-along supports meet the needs described by several authors who address the challenges of the transition into adulthood for vulnerable populations (Johansson & Höjer, 2012;Osgood et al, 2010;Xie et al, 2014). This has been one of the pillars of supported employment.…”

Arbeidsinkludering av utsett ungdom

“…Støtteapparatet si rolle i bruk av arbeidsplassar er også eitt av fleire temaområde i forsking om arbeidsinkludering av utsett ungdom (Egdell & McQuaid, 2016;Frøyland, 2018b), og forsking på overgangen frå skole til arbeid for utsett ungdom (Osgood, Foster, & Courtney, 2010;Xie, Sen, & Foster, 2014). Internasjonalt er fokuset på overgangen mellom skule og arbeid gjerne omtala som «Youth transition» eller «Transition Planning» (Luecking, 2009;Wehman, 2011).…”

“…Men fleirtalet av studiane konkluderar med at utsette unge er ei saerleg vanskeleg målgruppe å hjelpe, og at arbeidsmarknadstiltak for desse ofte har små eller ingen effektar (Hardoy, Røed, Simson, & Zhang, 2017, s. 169;Zhang, 2016). Ei rekke studiar viser at skreddarsaum og tett individuell oppfølging er viktige element i bistand til utsett ungdom (Andersson, 2011;Olesen, 2018;Xie, Sen, & Foster, 2014;Aasen, Marthinsen, & Vist, 2010). Nokre studiar avdekkar ei erfaring av at involverte aktørar i slikt oppfølgingsarbeid så som arbeidsgivarar eller lokale politikarar «ikke forstår hvor vanskelig det er og hva slags behov denne målgruppa har» (Frøyland, Spjelkavik, & Bernstrøm, 2018).…”

What Works to Improve the Well-Being of Homeless Girls?

“…Therefore, the phenomenon increases leading to an exponential growth of social problems like delinquency, substance use and abuse, unwanted pregnancies, homeless families, violence, insecurity, poverty, low educational level and unemployment, and diseases including sexually transmitted infections, among others. All of these, in turn, augment the socioeconomic, educational, labor, and cultural backwardness of a country, which results in indirect and direct costs to society in terms of resources and efforts [22]. Although it is an overwhelming reality, previous studies with similar groups have focused mainly on socioeconomic and cultural matters, as well as risk behaviors, dismissing the relevance of psychological aspects and mental health [23].…”