Vulnerability of a semienclosed estuarine sea to ocean acidification in contrast with hypoxia

Ianson, Debby; Allen, Susan E.; Moore-Maley, Benjamin L.; Johannessen, Sophia C.; Macdonald, Robie W.

doi:10.1002/2016gl068996

Cited by 54 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…TA ranged from a low of 1510 µmol kg -1 (station SAR) to a high of 2101 µmol kg -1 (station ADM) (Figure 8). Discussion Data published to date in the Pacific Northwest represent limited locations or coastal conditions that may not provide the full context for acidification levels in Puget Sound and the Salish Sea (e.g., Feely et al, 2010;Ianson et al, 2016). Though this program was designed as a limited pilot study focused on the logistics of monitoring aboard a space-constrained sea plane, the results provide a unique glimpse into both seasonal patterns and spatial variability of acidification in the surface waters of Puget Sound.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

Pelletier

Roberts

Keyzers

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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A pilot study of sampling, using monthly marine flights over spatially distributed stations, was conducted with the aim to characterize the carbonate system in Puget Sound over a full year-long period. Surface waters of Puget Sound were found to be under-saturated with respect to aragonite during OctoberMarch, and super-saturated during April-September. Highest pCO 2 and lowest pH occurred during the corrosive October-March period. Lowest pCO 2 and highest pH occurred during the super-saturated AprilSeptember period. The monthly variations in pCO 2 , pH, and aragonite saturation state closely followed the variations in monthly average chlorophyll a. Super-saturated conditions during April-September are likely strongly influenced by photosynthetic uptake of CO 2 during the phytoplankton growing season. The relationship between phytoplankton production, the carbonate system, and aragonite saturation state suggests that long-term trends in eutrophication processes may contribute to trends in ocean acidification in Puget Sound.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

Pelletier

Roberts

Keyzers

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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“…Model initialization data are available from the Fisheries and Oceans Canada Institute of Ocean Sciences Data Archive (http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/ oceans/data-donnees/search-recherche/profiles-eng.asp; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 2018). Carbon cruise data in the Fraser River plume cited from Ianson et al (2016) are available from the NOAA Ocean Carbon Data System (OCADS) at https://www.nodc.noaa. gov/ocads/data/0173514.xml .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These same coastal and topographic features create long residence times, causing carbon to accumulate and making the strait DIC-rich relative to the open ocean ) despite a strong, seasonal DIC upwelling signal over the outer shelf (Bianucci et al, 2011). The large freshwater footprint, together with the abundance of previous circulation (e.g., LeBlond, 1983;Pawlowicz et al, 2007), ecology (e.g., Masson and Peña, 2009;Allen and Wolfe, 2013), and acidification studies (e.g., Moore-Maley et al, 2016;Ianson et al, 2016) make the strait an ideal system for investigating the response of pH and A to freshwater carbonate chemistry in a complicated estuarine setting.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) is a large (∼ 6800 km 2 , > 400 m deep), temperate, semi-enclosed, fjord-like estuarine sea with strong seasonal stratification, productivity, and carbonate chemistry cycles Ianson et al, 2016). This high productivity supports abundant populations of shellfish, finfish, and other higher organisms that may be sensitive to pH and A anomalies (Haigh et al, 2015).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, seasonality is often strong and single rivers and estuaries may experience highly variable conditions in space and time (Hellings et al, 2001;de Fátima et al, 2013;Waldbusser and Salisbury, 2014;Hunt et al, 2014;Voss et al, 2014;Ianson et al, 2016;Xue et al, 2017). Carbonate and silicate weathering are major sources of river DIC and TA in most rivers (Meybeck, 1987;Amiotte Suchet et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sensitivity of estuarine aragonite saturation state and pH to the carbonate chemistry of a freshet-dominated river

2018

Self Cite

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Abstract. Ocean acidification threatens to reduce pH and aragonite saturation state ( A ) in estuaries, potentially damaging their ecosystems. However, the impact of highly variable river total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) on pH and A in these estuaries is unknown. We assess the sensitivity of estuarine surface pH and A to river TA and DIC using a coupled biogeochemical model of the Strait of Georgia on the Canadian Pacific coast and place the results in the context of global rivers. The productive Strait of Georgia estuary has a large, seasonally variable freshwater input from the glacially fed, undammed Fraser River. Analyzing TA observations from this river plume and pH from the river mouth, we find that the Fraser is moderately alkaline (TA 500-1000 µmol kg −1 ) but relatively DICrich. Model results show that estuarine pH and A are sensitive to freshwater DIC and TA, but do not vary in synchrony except at high DIC : TA. The asynchrony occurs because increased freshwater TA is associated with increased DIC, which contributes to an increased estuarine DIC : TA and reduces pH, while the resulting higher carbonate ion concentration causes an increase in estuarine A . When freshwater DIC : TA increases (beyond ∼ 1.1), the shifting chemistry causes a paucity of the carbonate ion that overwhelms the simple dilution/enhancement effect. At this high DIC : TA ratio, estuarine sensitivity to river chemistry increases overall. Furthermore, this increased sensitivity extends to reduced flow regimes that are expected in future. Modulating these negative impacts is the seasonal productivity in the estuary which draws down DIC and reduces the sensitivity of estuarine pH to increasing DIC during the summer season.

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Not just range limits: Warming rate and thermal sensitivity shape climate change vulnerability in a species range center

Beaty,

Gehman,

Brownlee

et al. 2023

Ecology

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Climate change manifests unevenly across space and time and produces complex patterns of stress for ecological systems. Species can also show substantial among‐population variability in response to environmental change across their geographic range due to evolutionary processes. Explanatory factors or their proxies, such as temperature and latitude, help parse apart these sources of environmental and intraspecific variability; however, overemphasizing latitudinal trends can obscure the role of local environmental conditions in shaping population vulnerability to climate change. Focusing on the geographic center of a species range to disentangle latitude, we test the hypothesis that populations from warmer regions of a species range are more vulnerable to ocean warming. We conducted a mesocosm experiment and field reciprocal transplant with four populations of a marine snail, Nucella lamellosa, from two regions in British Columbia, Canada, that differ in thermal characteristics: the Central Coast, a cool region, and the Strait of Georgia, one of the warmest regions of this species’ range and one that is warming faster than the Central Coast. Populations from the Strait of Georgia experienced growth reductions at contemporary summertime seawater temperatures in the lab and showed stark reductions in survival and growth under future seawater conditions and when outplanted at their native transplant sites. This indicates high vulnerability to ocean warming, especially given the faster rate of ocean warming in this region. In contrast, populations from the cooler Central Coast demonstrated high performance at contemporary seawater temperatures and high growth and survival in projected future seawater temperatures and at their native outplant sites. Given their position within the geographic center of N. lamellosa's range, extirpation events in the vulnerable Strait of Georgia populations could compromise connectivity within the meta‐population and lead to gaps across this species’ range. Overall, our study supports predictions that populations from warm regions of species ranges are more vulnerable to environmental warming, suggests that the Strait of Georgia and other inland or coastal seas could be focal points for climate change effects and ecological transformation, and emphasizes the importance of analyzing climate change vulnerability in the context of regional environmental data and throughout a species’ range.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Vulnerability of a semienclosed estuarine sea to ocean acidification in contrast with hypoxia

Cited by 54 publications

References 39 publications

Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

The sensitivity of estuarine aragonite saturation state and pH to the carbonate chemistry of a freshet-dominated river

Not just range limits: Warming rate and thermal sensitivity shape climate change vulnerability in a species range center

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