Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

Pelletier, Greg; Roberts, Mindy; Keyzers, Mya; Alin, Simone R.

doi:10.1525/elementa.270

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…, and pH T (Satlantic SeaFET) taken next to in situ sensors (pCO 2(s.w.) root mean squared error (RMSE) = 13.5 μatm, r = 0.99, P < 0.001; Ω arag RMSE = 0.19, r = 0.94, P < 0.001), and with published carbonate system values observed near our study site (26). The NCM estimates were on average responsible for 66% (SD = 26%) and 35% (SD = 31%) of modeled [TCO 2 ] and [Alk] variability in the full model, respectively (SI Appendix, Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO ₂ under future ocean acidification

Pacella

Brown

Waldbusser

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

162

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The role of rising atmospheric CO in modulating estuarine carbonate system dynamics remains poorly characterized, likely due to myriad processes driving the complex chemistry in these habitats. We reconstructed the full carbonate system of an estuarine seagrass habitat for a summer period of 2.5 months utilizing a combination of time-series observations and mechanistic modeling, and quantified the roles of aerobic metabolism, mixing, and gas exchange in the observed dynamics. The anthropogenic CO burden in the habitat was estimated for the years 1765-2100 to quantify changes in observed high-frequency carbonate chemistry dynamics. The addition of anthropogenic CO alters the thermodynamic buffer factors (e.g., the Revelle factor) of the carbonate system, decreasing the seagrass habitat's ability to buffer natural carbonate system fluctuations. As a result, the most harmful carbonate system indices for many estuarine organisms [minimum pH, minimum Ω, and maximum pCO] change up to 1.8×, 2.3×, and 1.5× more rapidly than the medians for each parameter, respectively. In this system, the relative benefits of the seagrass habitat in locally mitigating ocean acidification increase with the higher atmospheric CO levels predicted toward 2100. Presently, however, these mitigating effects are mixed due to intense diel cycling of CO driven by aerobic metabolism. This study provides estimates of how high-frequency pH, Ω, and pCO dynamics are altered by rising atmospheric CO in an estuarine habitat, and highlights nonlinear responses of coastal carbonate parameters to ocean acidification relevant for water quality management.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO ₂ under future ocean acidification

Pacella

Brown

Waldbusser

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

162

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“…In all regions, the lowest f CO 2 values emerge during summer and the highest values during winter, which opposes expectations associated with temperature-driven solubility changes (Takahashi et al, 1993). This suggests that physical and biological effects dominate over seasonal solubility changes in all regions (Pelletier et al, 2018), though to varying extents. Due to the logarithmic nature of the pH scale, declines in the annual mean pH coupled with increases in the seasonal range of pH values means that organisms in the Salish Sea (Puget Sound, Hood Canal, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and Strait of Georgia) are exposed to extremely large changes in [H + ] on seasonal timescales.…”

Section: Modern Seasonal Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas (SOCAT; http://www.socat. info/, last access: 14 December 2017) is the result of a data synthesis activity carried out by > 100 members of the carbon research community who compile and quality control sea surface (upper ∼ 5 m) measurements of CO 2 fugacity (f CO 2 ) made across the globe (Pfeil et al, 2013;Sabine et al, 2013;Bakker et al, 2016b), where f CO 2 is similar to pCO 2 but takes into account the non-ideal nature of the gas (Dickson et al, 2007). The SOCAT database is updated annually to include the most recent observations as well as historical data files that have been discovered and validated.…”

Section: Surface Ocean Co 2 Atlas Versionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal carbonate chemistry variability in marine surface waters of the US Pacific Northwest

Fassbender

Alin

Feely

et al. 2018

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

Self Cite

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Abstract. Fingerprinting ocean acidification (OA) in US West Coast waters is extremely challenging due to the large magnitude of natural carbonate chemistry variations common to these regions. Additionally, quantifying a change requires information about the initial conditions, which is not readily available in most coastal systems. In an effort to address this issue, we have collated high-quality publicly available data to characterize the modern seasonal carbonate chemistry variability in marine surface waters of the US Pacific Northwest. Underway ship data from version 4 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas, discrete observations from various sampling platforms, and sustained measurements from regional moorings were incorporated to provide ∼ 100 000 inorganic carbon observations from which modern seasonal cycles were estimated. Underway ship and discrete observations were merged and gridded to a 0.1° × 0.1° scale. Eight unique regions were identified and seasonal cycles from grid cells within each region were averaged. Data from nine surface moorings were also compiled and used to develop robust estimates of mean seasonal cycles for comparison with the eight regions. This manuscript describes our methodology and the resulting mean seasonal cycles for multiple OA metrics in an effort to provide a large-scale environmental context for ongoing research, adaptation, and management efforts throughout the US Pacific Northwest. Major findings include the identification of unique chemical characteristics across the study domain. There is a clear increase in the ratio of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to total alkalinity (TA) and in the seasonal cycle amplitude of carbonate system parameters when moving from the open ocean North Pacific into the Salish Sea. Due to the logarithmic nature of the pH scale (pH = −log10[H+], where [H+] is the hydrogen ion concentration), lower annual mean pH values (associated with elevated DIC : TA ratios) coupled with larger magnitude seasonal pH cycles results in seasonal [H+] ranges that are ∼ 27 times larger in Hood Canal than in the neighboring North Pacific open ocean. Organisms living in the Salish Sea are thus exposed to much larger seasonal acidity changes than those living in nearby open ocean waters. Additionally, our findings suggest that lower buffering capacities in the Salish Sea make these waters less efficient at absorbing anthropogenic carbon than open ocean waters at the same latitude.All data used in this analysis are publically available at the following websites: Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas version 4 coastal data, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.866856 (Bakker et al., 2016a);National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) West Coast Ocean Acidification cruise data, https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/otg.CLIVAR_NACP_West_Coast_Cruise_2007 (Feely and Sabine, 2013); https://doi.org/10.7289/V5JQ0XZ1 (Feely et al., 2015b); https://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0157445 (Feely et al., 2016a); https://doi.org/10.7289/V5C53HXP (Feely et al., 2015a);University of Washington (UW) and Washington Ocean Acidification Center cruise data, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1184657 (Fassbender et al., 2018);Washington State Department of Ecology seaplane data, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1184657 (Fassbender et al., 2018);NOAA Moored Autonomous pCO2 (MAPCO2) buoy data, https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.TSM_LAPUSH_125W_48N (Sutton et al., 2012); https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.TSM_WA_125W_47N (Sutton et al., 2013); https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.TSM_DABOB_122W_478N (Sutton et al., 2014a); https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.TSM_TWANOH_123W_47N (Sutton et al., 2016a);UW Oceanic Remote Chemical/Optical Analyzer buoy data, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1184657 (Fassbender et al., 2018);NOAA Pacific Coast Ocean Observing System cruise data, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1184657 (Fassbender et al., 2018).

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“…Yet, challenging periods of acidification and warming can occur during other times of the year (Evans et al 2013, Joesoef et al 2015, McGrath et al 2019. The most corrosive carbonate environment in the Puget Sound estuary in Washington State, for example, commonly occurs in the winter when many species are reproductively inactive, while favorable conditions are in the spring when gametogenesis coincides with phytoplankton blooms (Pelletier et al 2018). Thus, adult exposure to severely corrosive conditions during gametogenesis may not represent the natural estuarine system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Spencer

Venkataraman

Crim

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Predicting how populations will respond to ocean change across generations is critical to effective conservation of marine species. One emerging factor is the influence of parental exposures on offspring phenotype, known as intergenerational carryover effects. Parental exposure may deliver beneficial or detrimental characteristics to offspring that can influence larval recruitment patterns, thus shaping how populations and community structure respond to ocean change. Impacts of adult exposure to elevated winter temperature and pCO2 on reproduction and offspring viability were examined in the Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) using three populations of adult, hatchery‐reared O. lurida, plus an additional cohort spawned from one of the populations. Oysters were sequentially exposed to elevated temperature (+4°C, at 10°C), followed by elevated pCO2 (+2,204 μatm, at 3,045 μatm) during winter months. Male gametes were more developed after elevated temperature exposure and less developed after high pCO2 exposure, but there was no impact on female gametes or sex ratios. Oysters previously exposed to elevated winter temperature released larvae earlier, regardless of pCO2 exposure. Those exposed to elevated winter temperature as a sole treatment released more larvae on a daily basis but, when also exposed to high pCO2, there was no effect. These combined results indicate that elevated winter temperature accelerates O. lurida spermatogenesis, resulting in earlier larval release and increased production, with elevated pCO2 exposure negating effects of elevated temperature. Altered recruitment patterns may therefore follow warmer winters due to precocious spawning, but these effects may be masked by coincidental high pCO2. Offspring were reared in common conditions for 1 yr, then deployed for 3 months in four estuarine bays with distinct environmental conditions. Offspring of parents exposed to elevated pCO2 had higher survival rates in two of the four bays. This carryover effect demonstrates that parental conditions can have substantial ecologically relevant impacts that should be considered when predicting impacts of environmental change. Furthermore, Olympia oysters may be more resilient in certain environments when progenitors are pre‐conditioned in stressful conditions. Combined with other recent studies, our work suggests that the Olympia may be more equipped than other oysters for the challenge of a changing ocean.

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Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO ₂ under future ocean acidification

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO ₂ under future ocean acidification

Seasonal carbonate chemistry variability in marine surface waters of the US Pacific Northwest

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

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Seasonal variation in aragonite saturation in surface waters of Puget Sound – a pilot study

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO 2 under future ocean acidification

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO 2 under future ocean acidification

Seasonal carbonate chemistry variability in marine surface waters of the US Pacific Northwest

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO2 across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO ₂ under future ocean acidification

Seagrass habitat metabolism increases short-term extremes and long-term offset of CO ₂ under future ocean acidification

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations