Vulnerabilidad y resiliencia de los pinares de alta montaña de la Sierra de Gredos (Ávila, Sistema Central): dos mil años de dinámica socioecológica

Robles-López, Sandra; Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Reyes; Pérez-Díaz, Sebastián; Schaad, Daniel Abel; Sánchez, Francisca Alba; Alonso, Mónica Ruíz; López‐Sáez, José Antonio

doi:10.17735/cyg.v31i3-4.55594

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, the low percentage of local microcharcoal (CHAR > 125 µm) tends to suggest lack of exploitation or clearing inside the fir forest to encourage the livestock. All the evidences given suggest that the raising of livestock and herding of cattle appear to be secondary in the local economy (Trillo San José, 1999), in contrast to neighboring regions where merino sheep were the basis for trade and, therefore, was widespread by means of the transhumance, that is, a traditional livestock practice (Klein, 1920; López Saez et al, 2009, 2013; Robles-López et al, 2017; Svensson and Costello, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate and land-use changes on the most southerly fir forests (Abies pinsapo) in Europe

et al. 2019

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Current knowledge of climate change effects on forest ecology and species conservation should be linked to understanding of the past-time. Abies pinsapo forests constitute a model of an endangered ecosystem, highly vulnerable to ongoing warming, whose populations have been declining for centuries, while the drivers of this local depletion trend remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that long-term disturbances, both human- and natural-induced, have shaped A. pinsapo forests, contributing to these decline processes. Until today, studies using fossil pollen record to identify past climate impacts and land-use changes on A. pinsapo populations have not been done. Here, we investigate forests’ dynamics since the late Holocene (1180 cal. AD to present) in Southern Iberian Peninsula from a fossil pollen record by comparing the results obtained with climate fluctuations and land-uses changes. The pollen sequence shows a phase of stability during the Islamic Period (~1180–1400 cal. AD; ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’), followed by increasing degradation at Christian Period concurrent with ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) (ca. 1487–1530 cal. AD). The Modern Period (1530–1800 cal. AD; LIA) is linked to intensive forest management, related to the naval industry. Afterwards, a progressive reduction is recorded during the Contemporary Age period (‘Industrial Period’) until ‘Recent Warming’. In short, historical severe forest management coupled with increasing aridity since LIA appear to influence A. pinsapo forest current species composition and poor structural diversity. These disturbances might be limiting the resilience of A. pinsapo forests under a climate change scenario. A selected forest management could promote a more complex forest structure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate and land-use changes on the most southerly fir forests (Abies pinsapo) in Europe

et al. 2019

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“…In the Iberian Peninsula, there is evidence of anthropic activity related to fire uses since the middle Pleistocene (López-Saéz et al, 2014;Pausas & Keeley, 2009;Raposo & Santonja, 1995) and fire use practices for different management purposes have always been at the origin of wildfires (Badia, Pèlachs, Vera, Tulla, & Soriano, 2014;Carracedo Martín, 2015). The Central Mountain System is one of the areas most affected by wildfires, not only because of its Mediterranean climate but also because of its strategic location and its history of human occupation and fire uses (Araque Jiménez et al, 1999;López-Sáez, Vargas, et al, 2018;Robles-López et al, 2017;Schmuck et al, 2015). Human-caused wildfires are the most frequent in this mountain region (Camarero, Sangüesa-Barreda, Montiel-Molina, Seijo, & López-Sáez, 2018;López-Merino, López-Sáez, Alba-Sánchez, Pérez-Díaz, & Carrión, 2009;Montiel-Molina, 2013a), including arson, accidental fires and negligent fires (Leone, Lovreglio, & Martínez-Fernandéz, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical fire records at the two ends of Iberian Central Mountain System: Estrela massif and Ayllón massif

Sequeira

Molina

Rego³

2019

Ingeo

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La Península Ibérica cuenta con una larga historia de incendios forestales. Es el caso del Sistema Central, desde la Sierra de Estrela en Portugal a la Sierra de Ayllón en España, aunque las causas humanas y el régimen de incendios difieren en función del contexto ambiental, político y socioeconómico en uno y otro extremo de la cordillera. La validación de la hipótesis de trabajo, sobre la relación histórica entre el riesgo de incendios y el uso del fuego en las actividades humanas, se ha llevado a partir de la reconstrucción del registro histórico de incendios forestales y de la gestión del territorio, y mediante el análisis multiescalar espacio-temporal de los incendios históricos y estadísticos. Como principal resultado se han identificado las causas estructurales de incendios en las sierras de Estrela y Ayllón. Además, se ha demostrado la influencia mayor de los aspectos humanos que de los físicos en la evolución del régimen de fuego. En conclusión, este trabajo evidencia la evolución discontinua de los incendios forestales a lo largo de los siglos XIX y XX debido a los factores contextuales humanos que influyen en el manejo tradicional del fuego a escala local.

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“…Mountain ecosystems are usually quite isolated spaces that are difficult to access, with particular features and dynamics according to their own nature, topography, and climatic conditions. Despite this, they show a high biodiversity and attractive wide resource richness that meet human requirements [1][2][3][4]. This interaction unleashes continuous changes in mountain landscapes, which generate adaptive strategies, leading to a parallel co-evolution with human societies [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), but also for hunting or apiculture. Along with climatic events over centuries, they have drawn a high-value cultural landscape [4,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Iberia): Human Impact during the Last 1300 Years

Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger

Pérez-Díaz

Sánchez

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Mid-mountain ecosystems provide a broad diversity of resources, heterogeneous relief, and a mild climate, which are all very useful for human necessities. These features enable different strategies such as the terracing of the slopes as well as wide crop diversification. Their relations lead to a parallel co-evolution between the environment and human societies, where fire and grazing become the most effective landscape management tools. This paper presents the results obtained from a multi-proxy study of the Bermú paleoenvironmental record, which is a minerotrophic mire located in the Quintos de Mora National Hunting Reserve (Toledo Mountains, central Spain). The bottom of this core has been dated in the Islamic period (ca. 711–1100 cal AD), and the study shows how the landscape that was built over time in the Toledo Mountains up to the present day is narrowly linked to human development. This study shows the increasing human pressure on the landscape, as well as the subsequent strategies followed by the plant and human communities as they faced diverse environmental changes. Thus, it is possible to attest the main role played by the humans in the Toledo Mountains, not only as a simple user, but also as a builder of their own reflexion in the environment.

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Vulnerabilidad y resiliencia de los pinares de alta montaña de la Sierra de Gredos (Ávila, Sistema Central): dos mil años de dinámica socioecológica

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

The impact of climate and land-use changes on the most southerly fir forests (Abies pinsapo) in Europe

The impact of climate and land-use changes on the most southerly fir forests (Abies pinsapo) in Europe

Historical fire records at the two ends of Iberian Central Mountain System: Estrela massif and Ayllón massif

Vegetation History in the Toledo Mountains (Central Iberia): Human Impact during the Last 1300 Years

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