Vortex counter-current chromatography

Ito, Yoichiro; Ma, Zaitian; Clary, Robert; Powell, Jimmie; Knight, Martha; Finn, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.058

Cited by 14 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As stated earlier [7], the vortex CCC system uses a type-I coil planet centrifuge in which the column holder synchronously rotates about its own axis in the reversed direction [8,9]. This planetary motion produces a uniformly circulating centrifugal force field of the same strength synchronously with the revolution at every point on the column holder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved partition efficiency with threaded cylindrical column in vortex counter-current chromatography

Ito

Clary

et al. 2011

Journal of Chromatography A

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Type-I coil planet centrifuge produces a uniformly circulating centrifugal force field to produce vortex motion of two immiscible solvent phases in a cylindrical cavity of the separation column to perform efficient countercurrent chromatography. The partition efficiency obtained from the original vortex column was substantially improved by threading the cylindrical cavity to increase the area of mass transfer between the two phases. Partition efficiency of the threaded column was evaluated by three different two-phase solvent systems with a broad range of hydrophobicity each with a set of suitable test samples. Overall results of the present studies indicated that the threaded cylindrical column substantially improves the partition efficiency in terms of theoretical plate number, peak resolution, and height equivalent of one theoretical plate. The results also indicated that higher peak resolution is produced by eluting either the upper phase in the head to tail direction or the lower phase in the reversed direction. When there is a choice in the mobile phase, a better separation is achieved by using the less viscous phase as the mobile phase. Since the present system gives extremely low column pressure, it may be a potential alternative to the conventional type-J HSCCC system for a large-scale preparative separation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved partition efficiency with threaded cylindrical column in vortex counter-current chromatography

Ito

Clary

et al. 2011

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…Its design and functioning have been presented previously [13]. The instrument was equipped with an improved VCCC column described elsewhere [15] and shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). The separation of 3BrHBBA and 5BrHBBA from their respective synthetic mixtures was performed by a newly-developed technique named vortex counter-current chromatography (VCCC) [13-15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both conventional HSCCC and pH-zone-refining CCC have been applied to the separation of synthetic dye components [32-37]. VCCC differs from HSCCC in that the separation does not take place in an Ito multilayered-coil column, but rather in a column that consists of a high-density polyethylene disk with a set of connected perpendicular cylindrical holes [13]. VCCC also differs from HSCCC in the manner of column rotation: although both types of columns revolve around the central axis of the centrifuge at the same rate and in the same direction as the centrifuge itself moves, the VCCC column rotates around its axis in the opposite direction to the rotation of the centrifuge, while the HSCCC column rotates around its axis in the same direction as that of the rotation of the centrifuge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VCCC also differs from HSCCC in the manner of column rotation: although both types of columns revolve around the central axis of the centrifuge at the same rate and in the same direction as the centrifuge itself moves, the VCCC column rotates around its axis in the opposite direction to the rotation of the centrifuge, while the HSCCC column rotates around its axis in the same direction as that of the rotation of the centrifuge. Among the advantages of VCCC over the HSCCC technique, are the following: (i) due to the perpendicular arrangement of the cylindrical holes, solute band spreading is minimized along the length of the column and (ii) the Archimedean Screw effect is eliminated, thus producing a very low column pressure that avoids the risk of solvent leakage [13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of two novel monobrominated 2-(2′,4′-dihydroxybenzoyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoic acids and their separation from crude synthetic mixtures using vortex counter-current chromatography

Weisz

Witten

Zhang

et al. 2012

Journal of Chromatography A

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The present work describes the preparation of two compounds considered to be likely precursors of an impurity present in samples of the color additives D&C Red No. 27 (Colour Index 45410:1) and D&C Red No. 28 (Colour Index 45410, phloxine B) submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for batch certification. The two compounds, 2-(2′,4′-dihydroxy-3′-bromobenzoyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoic acid (3BrHBBA) and its 5′-brominated positional isomer (5BrHBBA), both not reported previously, were separated from synthetic mixtures by vortex counter-current chromatography (VCCC). 3BrHBBA was prepared by chemoselective ortho-bromination of the dihydroxybenzoyl moiety. Two portions of the obtained synthetic mixture, 200 mg and 210 mg, respectively, were separated by VCCC using two two-phase solvent systems that consisted of hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-aqueous 0.2% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the volume ratios of 8:2:5:5 and 7:3:5:5, respectively. These separations produced 35 mg and 78 mg of 3BrHBBA, respectively, each product of over 98% purity by HPLC at 254 nm. 5BrHBBA was prepared by monobromination of the dihydroxybenzoyl moiety in the presence of glacial acetic acid. To separate the obtained synthetic mixture, VCCC was performed in the pH-zone-refining mode with a solvent system consisting of hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (6:4:5:5, v/v) and with TFA used as the retainer acid and aqueous ammonia as the eluent base. Separation of a 1-g mixture under these conditions resulted in 142 mg of 5BrHBBA of ~99% purity by HPLC at 254 nm. The isolated compounds were characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

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Novel Separation Techniques for Isolation and Purification of Fatty Acids and Oil By‐Products

Wanasundara

Shahidi

2020

Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products

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Although triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the predominant molecular form of edible fats and oils, it might be necessary to subject them to separation according to their chemical composition or to modify them in different ways. Principles of separating fatty acids are based on specific properties of each acid or acid group. Two major properties – vapor pressure and melting point difference – are used in developing separation techniques. The vapor pressure of a mixture of fatty acids varies significantly with the chain length of fatty acids involved, which is used in fractional distillation as a means of separating short‐ and long‐chain fatty acids. However, vapor pressure does not change much with the degree of unsaturation. In the other method, the melting point of fatty acids changes considerably with the degree of unsaturation, which could be used to separate a mixture of fatty acids into saturated and unsaturated components. By changing the temperature of the mixture, fatty acids can be separated according to the degree of unsaturation at their respective crystallization temperature.

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Vortex counter-current chromatography

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Improved partition efficiency with threaded cylindrical column in vortex counter-current chromatography

Improved partition efficiency with threaded cylindrical column in vortex counter-current chromatography

Preparation of two novel monobrominated 2-(2′,4′-dihydroxybenzoyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoic acids and their separation from crude synthetic mixtures using vortex counter-current chromatography

Novel Separation Techniques for Isolation and Purification of Fatty Acids and Oil By‐Products

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