Voluntary wheel-running exercise enhances antigen-specific antibody-producing splenic B cell response and prolongs IgG half-life in the blood

Abstract

Exercise has been recognized to provoke upregulation of antibodies. However, the mechanism has not been explained. We examined the effects of voluntary wheel-running exercise on the number of cells which produce tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific IgG, as well as serum level and clearance of administered 125I-labeled mouse IgG in the blood. Male C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into a voluntary wheel-running exercise group and a sedentary group. Mice were intraperitoneally immunized with 0.375 microg/kg of TT to induce primary and secondary anti-TT antibody responses. ELISPOT assays that identified TT-specific antibody production were performed on day 0 (Baseline, n = 8) and 22 (EX: n = 8, Non-EX: n = 8) after initial immunization (primary response) and on day 32 (EX: n = 8, Non-EX: n = 7) and 43 (EX: n = 7, Non-EX: n = 7). To explain why serum TT-specific IgG was elevated in the exercise group, we conducted an 125I-labeled mouse IgG clearance test on day 32. ELISPOT counts of secondary responses to TT immunization were significantly higher in the running group than in the sedentary group (P<0.05). The serum anti-TT specific IgG concentration was also significantly higher in the running group (P<0.05) than in the sedentary on day 32. The values of both groups were relatively lower on day 43. The (125)I-labeled mouse IgG was more rapidly cleared in the non-exercised than in the exercised group (P<0.05). These results show that voluntary wheel running upregulates the TT-specific humoral immune response. These reactions may be partly explained by the accelerated induction of TT-specific IgG-producing cells and prolonged serum IgG half-life with voluntary exercise.

Effects of Aerobic Conditioning on Salivary IgA and Plasma IgA, IgG and IgM in Older Men and Women

“…Nehlsen-Cannarella and colleagues [26] [1,9,16] , and maintenance of salivary IgA concentrations and secretion rates, in both women and men. Shimizu and colleagues [42] found, after an exercise program of 6 months and 5-days a week, an increase in Sal-IgA concentration, which was not observed in the control group. The same results were found by Fahlman and colleagues [7] after 16 weeks of exercise training in a population of low-functioning elderly.…”

“…The increase in plasma immunoglobulins obtained in this study does not seem to be due to an increase in B cell numbers because no signifi cant diff erences in peripheral blood CD19 + cells were found after the aerobic exercise training (results not shown). An up-regulation in plasma cell antibody production may have occurred since enhanced antibody-producing splenic B cell responses have been reported after exercise training [42] . The moderate intensity aerobic exercise program used in this study appears to exert a positive impact on IgA and IgM immunity in elderly people.…”

Environmental Enrichment Augments the Efficacy of Idiotype Vaccination for B-cell Lymphoma

“…Endogenous opioids may play a role in the enhancement of the secondary antibody response observed after moderate exercise. [36][37][38] Furthermore, results of epidemiologic and experimental animal models have shown evidence that increased physical activity is associated with decreased incidence and mortality rates of various cancers. 39 Third, a large number of studies in animals, employing various tumor models, have demonstrated that stress can promote metastasis.…”

Cardiovascular exercise intervention improves the primary antibody response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in previously sedentary older adults

“…Indeed, based upon previous evidence cited below, one could make an argument for either. Suzuki & Tagami (2005) demonstrated that voluntary wheel running in mice enhanced antigenspecific antibody-producing splenic B cell responses and prolonged the half-life of IgG in blood; an effect related to liver β2 microglobulin expression (Suzuki et al, 2007), a protein implicated in protecting against IgG catabolism. The significant increase in IgG1 and not IgG2 may have been due to the fact that protein-derived antigens such as KLH result in primarily IgG1 and IgG3 antibody responses (Yount et al, 1968).…”