Voluntary Blood Donation Practice and Associated Factors among Civil Servants in Chiro Town of Western Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia: a Cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Despite blood transfusion has been available for the past 200 years; there is still a significant shortage of blood and blood products especially in low and middle income countries. In 2016 national blood demand of Ethiopia was estimated to be one million units per year, while only 17.4% (173,930) units of blood collected in the same year. Out of 25,400 units of blood requirement per year in West Hararghe, only 2750 units (10.8%) was collected in 2016 and 80% of these were from Civil servants. The aim of the study was to assess voluntary blood donation practice and associated factors among Chiro Town’s civil servants in 2018. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 383 civil servants selected by multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using self-administer and pre-tested questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and binary logistic regression was performed to assess the association between determinant factors and voluntary blood donation practice. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to identify factors associated with the outcome variables in the multivariable analysis. A P<0.05 and AOR with 95% CI were used to report significance and strength of multivariable association, respectively. Results The life -time voluntary blood donation practice among civil servants was 43.7%(38.3,49.3). Having willingness to donate, [AOR=2.54; 95%CI=1.39, 4.65], being knowledgeable about blood donation [AOR=3.32; 95%CI=2.02, 5.46] and listening to mass media [AOR=1.83; 95%CI=1.01, 3.35] were variables significantly associated with voluntary blood donation practice. Conclusions This study shows poor Voluntary Blood donation practice while, having knowledge, willingness and access to mass media are attributable factors for blood donation practice in the study area.

Voluntary blood donation practice and its associated factors among civil servants in Bale Robe town, Southeast Ethiopia, 2021

“…This result was in line with the finding from the study conducted in Chiro town of Eastern Ethiopia among civil servants which identify the willingness a significant factor positively associated with voluntary blood donation practice (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI = (1.01, 3.55)). 16 And it also agrees with the finding from the study conducted among Madda Walabu University students, in Southeast Ethiopia, in which participants who have the willingness to donate blood more likely to donate blood compared to respondents who had no willingness (AOR = 5.88; 95% CI = (1.36, 25.43)). 21 This implies as willingness to donate blood was an important factor that greatly affect practice toward voluntarily blood donation.…”

“…In contrast with the above similarities, finding from this study was higher than the findings from other studies conducted in different cities of Ethiopia; Goba University students in which 18.4%, 21 Adama 17%, 22 Hawasa 14.7%, 23 Birbir 10.6% 24 and Harar 22.6%, 25 and a cross-sectional study conducted among college students in Nepal and Ebony Nigeria 18.1% and 13.3% have ever donated blood, respectively,11,26 of participants ever of population ever donated blood. But the finding of this study was lower than other studies conducted in Chiro town, Eastern Ethiopia, among civil servants 43.6%, 16 medical students in Lahore district 66.9%, and a descriptive study on community members aged 15–50 in Kampala, Uganda, was 33.3% 27,28 , respectively. Possible reasons for this discrepancy may be due to variation in socio-demographic characteristics of study participants, the use of different study populations, the difference in access to blood banks among different locations, the difference in availability of periodic blood donation campaigns, the difference in access to information regarding blood donation, and it may be also the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

“…The sample size for the study was determined using a single population proportion formula for sample size calculation by taking a proportion of practice of voluntary blood donation from a previous study 43.6% 16 by considering the following assumptions: 95% confidence level (CI), the margin of error of 5%, expected non-response rate of 10%, and the design effect of (1.5). This gives the final sample size of 630.…”

“…There is a critical need to improve the recruitment and retention of voluntary blood donor populations to ensure a sustainable blood transfusion practice. 6 A 2017 systematic review on the motivations and hindrance to blood donation in 16 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries found fear as a major deterrent factor, including fear of needles, adverse effects, and discouraging spiritual, religious, and cultural perceptions of blood donation. 7 The blood donation rate in developing countries is 4.6 per 1000 people as compared to 33.1 donations per 1000 people in developed countries.…”

Factors Influencing Blood Donation Practice Among Health Care Providers of Public Hospitals in Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

“…The results were slightly higher than those of studies conducted in Chiro town of Eastern Ethiopia and lower than those of studies conducted among students at Madda Walabu University and Bale Robe town in Southeast Ethiopia. 28 , 33 , 34 This discrepancy might be due to differences in the study population and sociodemographic factors, suggesting that willingness to donate blood is a crucial variable that significantly influences practices related to blood donation.…”