Factors Influencing Blood Donation Practice Among Health Care Providers of Public Hospitals in Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

Abstract

Background Blood donation is a technique in which blood is collected from a healthy individual for transfusion to someone else. WHO estimates that it is necessary to donate blood to 2% to 3% of the country’s population to meet blood needs. However, blood donation remains challenging in developing countries. Objective This study aimed to identify factors influencing blood donation practices among healthcare providers in public hospitals in Bahir Dar City. Methods This institution-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Bahir Dar City Public Hospitals from May 01 to May 25, 2022. Total sample size was 491 (123 cases and 368 controls) and then the study subject was selected by using simple random sampling technic and collect data through self-administered questionnaire. Bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. Finally, the results are presented in charts and tables, and the AOR and CI are reported. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results Fear of anemia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.02; 95% CI 0.007–0.078), lack of opportunity (AOR: 0.42; 95% CI 0.22–0.83), lack of time (AOR: 0.03; 95% CI, 0.005–0.199), profession (AOR: 0.15; 95% CI, 0.05–0.42), aware of free medical checkup (AOR: 31.79; 95% CI 13.13–76.94), willingness to donate blood (AOR: 5.09; 95% CI 2.25–11.50), blood group type (AOR: 5.67; 95% CI 1.42–22.68), and higher work experience (AOR: 7.99; 95% CI 2.59–24.67) were found to be significantly associated with blood donation practice. Conclusion This study revealed that multiple factors influenced the practice of blood donation among healthcare providers. Therefore, access to blood donation areas and emphasizing the importance of donor blood donation are important for facilitating blood donation.