Volumetric study of the olfactory bulb in patients with chronic rhinonasal sinusitis using MRI

Alarabawy, Reda A.; Eltomey, Mohamed Adel; Shehata, Emad M.

doi:10.1016/j.ejrnm.2016.02.011

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…54,55 Importantly, a marked increase of OB volume was observed after treatment, concomitant with an increase in olfactory function. [56][57][58] In keeping with this, structural alterations in gray matter volume within olfactory-related regions has also been shown in CRS patients with olfactory impairments. 59 Moreover, grey matter volume within olfactory-eloquent regions increases after surgical treatment for CRS, along with improved olfactory function.…”

Section: Assessment Of Olfactory-related Parameters Using Imaging Asupporting

confidence: 61%

“…CRS patients exhibit a reduction in OB volume 54,55 . Importantly, a marked increase of OB volume was observed after treatment, concomitant with an increase in olfactory function 56‐58 . In keeping with this, structural alterations in gray matter volume within olfactory‐related regions has also been shown in CRS patients with olfactory impairments 59 .…”

Section: Assessment Of Olfactory Functionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Reduced olfactory bulb volume has been demonstrated in CRS patients with smell loss. 55,56 In rodents, recent studies suggest that persistent nasal inflammation induces glial activation, damage of the olfactory bulb circuit, and ultimately atrophy of the olfactory bulb. 86 Of particular interest, change in olfactory bulb volume is related to change in odor threshold, which is considered to partly reflect peripheral olfactory function.…”

Section: Mechanisms For Olfactory Loss In Crsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, changes in the central olfactory system are associated with smell loss in CRS. Reduced olfactory bulb volume has been demonstrated in CRS patients with smell loss 55,56 . In rodents, recent studies suggest that persistent nasal inflammation induces glial activation, damage of the olfactory bulb circuit, and ultimately atrophy of the olfactory bulb 86 .…”

Section: Mechanisms For Olfactory Loss In Crsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfaction: Sensitive indicator of inflammatory burden in chronic rhinosinusitis

Xing

Whitcroft

Hummel

2020

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Background and Objective: Olfactory dysfunction has a high prevalence in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and significantly affects quality of life. CRS is recognized as a complex disorder encompassing heterogeneous inflammatory processes in the nose and paranasal sinuses. Olfactory dysfunction in CRS patients is associated with the level of inflammatory mediators and the efficiency of inflammatory control. Learning about the association between CRS-related inflammation and olfactory function will provide clues to the pathogenesis of CRS. Structure: The first section of this review describes the assessment of olfactory function using various measures, from ratings to MR based imaging. Then, we discuss the conductive and inflammatory mechanisms related to olfactory dysfunction in CRS: olfaction is associated with certain inflammatory patterns and is potentially a marker of CRS subtype. Finally, we review anti-inflammatory therapies including conservative and surgical approaches, and their effectiveness in olfactory dysfunction in CRS. Conclusion: Assessment of olfactory function should be considered in the clinical evaluation of CRS patients, not only for detecting and quantifying patients' symptom, but also because it appears to be useful to objectively assess the efficacy of CRS treatment over time. In addition, olfaction can be expected to expand the library of CRS phenotypes and endotypes and, hence, pave the way for more precise, tailored treatment options.

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Section: Assessment Of Olfactory-related Parameters Using Imaging Asupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Assessment Of Olfactory Functionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Mechanisms For Olfactory Loss In Crsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms For Olfactory Loss In Crsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Olfaction: Sensitive indicator of inflammatory burden in chronic rhinosinusitis

Xing

Whitcroft

Hummel

2020

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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“…Although impairment of the OE could account for long-term olfactory loss, 3,15 studies with human patients with CRS have indicated that a smaller olfactory bulb (OB) volume was associated with a greater degree of nasal inflammation. 16,17 However, the effects of chronic nasal inflammation on the neuronal circuits in OBs have not been systematically investigated with animal models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroplastic changes in the olfactory bulb associated with nasal inflammation in mice

Hasegawa-Ishii

Shimada

Imamura

2019

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Background: Rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are olfactory disorders caused by inflammation of the nasal passage and paranasal sinuses. Although patients with chronic rhinosinusitis have smaller olfactory bulbs (OBs), there is limited knowledge regarding the influence of chronic nasal inflammation on OB neurons. Objective: Repeated intranasal administration of LPS that induced persistent nasal inflammation in mice caused a loss of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and gliosis and synaptic loss in the OBs within 3 weeks. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of long-term LPS treatment on the OB neurocircuit. Methods: LPS was repeatedly administered into a mouse nostril for up to 24 weeks. For the recovery analyses, the mice received LPS for 10 weeks and were subsequently maintained without additional treatment for another 10 weeks. The effects of these treatments on the OBs were examined histologically. Three or more mice were analyzed per group. Results: Long-term repeated LPS administration caused OB atrophy, particularly in the layers along which OSN axons travel and in the superficial external plexiform layer, in which tufted cells form synapses with interneurons. Interestingly, the OBs recovered from atrophy after cessation of LPS administration: OB volume and superficial external plexiform layer thickness returned to pretreatment levels after the nontreatment period. In contrast, OSN regeneration was incomplete. Conclusion: These results suggest that chronic nasal inflammation induces structural changes in a specific OB circuit related to tufted cells, whereas tufted cells retain a high degree of plasticity that enables recovery from structural damages after inflammation subsides.

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