Volumetric pulp chambers measurements in mandibular and maxillary permanent first molar using cone-beam computed tomography by age and gender

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the anatomical structure of pulp chamber, measure the volume of the total pulp chambers in mm3 and evaluate the pulp chamber volume changes by age and gender statistically in mandibular and maxillary first molars by means of CBCT.
 Methodology: In our study, CBCT examinations of patients between the ages of 7-18 years, which were carried out due to different reasons were evaluated retrospectively. The CBCT images of healthy total of 160 lower and upper right permanent first molar teeth were selected randomly and the volumes of the total pulp chamber were measured in mm3 with the 3D Slicer software program. We analyzed the collected data with statistical analysis methods and we evaluated whether there was any difference between the patients grouped according to the age in respect of volume changes in the total pulp chamber and whether there was any difference between the mean volume values and gender of the patients within the same group.
 Results: Comparison of the volume measurements of the lower and upper first permanent molar teeth between the groups showed that the volume values of the total pulp chamber decreased depending on the age (p<0.05). Regarding gender, volume decrease related to age was statistically more significant among females. We determined in all age groups except age 7-9 group that the volume value of the total pulp chamber of the upper permanent first molar teeth was statistically higher than the volume value of the total pulp chamber of the lower permanent first molar teeth (p<0,05).
 Conclusion: We believe that CBCT is an easy and conservative method for the 3D-imaging of the pulp chamber, volume measurement and examination of the dimensional changes of the total pulp chamber depending on deposition of secondary dentin.
 
 How to cite this article: Açıklar Kavas A, Tümen EC. Volumetric pulp chambers measurements in mandibular and maxillary permanent first molar using cone-beam computed tomography by age and gender. Int Dent Res 2019;9(1):30-40.
 
 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Sexual dimorphism in odontometric parameters using cone beam CT: a systematic review

“…Of the twenty-three studies, four were investigated in Brazil [ 2 , 3 , 19 , 20 ], four in India [ 7 , 8 , 21 , 22 ], three in Iran [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], three in Turkey [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], two in Saudi [ 4 , 5 ], one each in Poland [ 29 ], Portugal [ 30 ], Egypt [ 9 ], Ukraine [ 31 ], Italy [ 32 ], Spain [ 33 ] and Malaysia [ 6 ].…”

“… Pulp volumes Upper central incisors and canines Yes High accuracy of sex estimation 17 Rahman and Ramakrishnan 2019 [ 22 ] India 18–40 years 50 CBCT images of 50 subjects;25 females and 25 males Linear CBCT Mesio-distal width at apical third, middle third, and cervical third region. Maxillary central incisors Yes Not stated 18 Kavas and Tumen 2019 [ 26 ] Turkey 7–18 years 80 CBCT images of 80 subjects; 40 females & 40 males; 160 M Volumetric i-CAT (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA); voxel size: 0,3 mm; 3D Slicer Pulp chamber volume Mandibular and maxillary first molars Yes Not stated 19 Marchenko et al 2017 [ 31 ] Ukraine Adolescents 77 CBCT images of 77 subjects; 42 females and 35 males; mesocephalic boys - 16, boys brachycephalic – 19, mesocephalic girls – 16, brachycephalic girls– 26 Linear Veraviewepocs 3D, Morita (Japan); 3D image - cylinder 8x8cm - thickness 0,2/0,125 mm, dose of radiation 0,11–0,48 mSv, voltage and amperage 60-90 kV/2-10 mA Vestibular-oral and mesio-distal projection length of the root; Length of roots of incisors and canines of the upper and lower jaw Upper and lower Incisors and canines Yes Not stated 20 De Angelis et al 2015 [ 32 ] Italy 15–83 years 87 CBCT images of 87 subjects; 46 females and 41males Volumetric i-Cat Next Generation (Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, Pa); voxel size: 0.4 mm; scan time: 8.9 s; scan width: 23.2 cm; scan height: 17 cm Dental volume; mean dental volume, minimum dental volume; maximum dental volume mean pulp chamber volume, minimum pulp chamber volume; maximum pulp chamber volume; mean percentage ratio between pulp chamber and tooth. Upper Canines Yes Overall 80.5% accuracy in estimating the sex.…”

“…Five studies did not find sexual dimorphism through odontometrics [ 4 , 5 , 7 , 8 , 20 ], while in two reports, statistical analysis details were minimal/ not specified [ 22 , 32 ]. Only four studies mentioned sampling by randomization, and the remaining nineteen selected studies used convenience sampling [ 4 , 5 , 24 , 26 ].…”

Evaluation of the antral pseudocysts and maxillary sinus septas by using cone-beam computed tomography

“…CBCT, panoramic radiography and computed tomography (CT) were used to examine the anatomical structures, pathological entities in the maxillary sinus. CBCT ensures following in radiological examination; i) 3-dimensional examination with lower radiation dose than conventional CT, ii) prevents the superimposition of anatomic structures and pathological entities, iii) provides accurate, detailed visualization and radiological examination (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the AP, MSS and relationship between AP and MSS in the maxillary sinus by using CBCT images.…”

Evaluation of septas in maxillary sinus with cone-beam computed tomography

“…To prevent complications during sinus lifting procedures, a detailed preoperative radiographic visualization and examination of the maxillary sinus and related anatomical structures with CBCT has been recommended in recent guidelines. CBCT avoids structural superimposition and image enlargement and distortion, therefore allowing precise 3-dimensional (3D) image and measurement of dental and maxillofacial structures, at a lower radiation dose than traditional computed tomography (CT) (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”