Volumetric Brain Changes in Thalamus, Corpus Callosum and Medial Temporal Structures: Mild Alzheimers Disease Compared with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Pedro, Tatiane; Weiler, Marina; Yasuda, Clarissa L.; D’Abreu, Anelyssa; Damasceno, Benito Pereira; Cendes, Fernando; Balthazar, Márcio Luiz Figueredo

doi:10.1159/000342118

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…14! previous results from the literature showing essentially ventricles enlargements and atrophy of the hippocampus and amygdala, but also changes to other regions such as the accumbens area, the thalamus, and the corpus callosum (Pedro et al, 2012;Pievani et al, 2013;Roh et al, 2011;Scahill et al, 2002).…”

Section: Use Of the Normative Valuesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Normative data for subcortical regional volumes over the lifetime of the adult human brain

et al. 2016

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Normative data for volumetric estimates of brain structures are necessary to adequately assess brain volume alterations in individuals with suspected neurological or psychiatric conditions. Although many studies have described age and sex effects in healthy individuals for brain morphometry assessed via magnetic resonance imaging, proper normative values allowing to quantify potential brain abnormalities are needed. We developed norms for volumetric estimates of subcortical brain regions based on cross-sectional magnetic resonance scans from 2790 healthy individuals aged 18 to 94 years using 23 samples provided by 21 independent research groups. The segmentation was conducted using FreeSurfer, a widely used and freely available automated segmentation software. Models predicting subcortical regional volumes of each hemisphere were produced including age, sex, estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV), scanner manufacturer, magnetic field strength, and interactions as predictors. The mean explained variance by the models was 48%. For most regions, age, sex and eTIV predicted most of the explained variance while manufacturer, magnetic field strength and interactions predicted a limited amount. Estimates of the expected volumes of an individual based on its characteristics and the scanner characteristics can be obtained using derived formulas. For a new individual, significance test for volume abnormality, effect size and estimated percentage of the normative population with a smaller volume can be obtained. Normative values were validated in independent samples of healthy adults and in adults with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.

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Section: Use Of the Normative Valuesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Normative data for subcortical regional volumes over the lifetime of the adult human brain

et al. 2016

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“…While this result is consistent with a previous study demonstrating thalamic volume reduction in patients with aMCI, 4 it is inconsistent with respect to previous studies concerning thalamic volume reductions in patients with MCI. 28 Neuropsychological findings suggest material-specific lateralization of the medial temporal lobe's role in long-term memory, with greater left-sided involvement in verbal memory, and greater right-sided involvement in visual memory.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

P3–082: Thalamic shape and cognitive performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Lee

Lim

2013

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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ObjectiveaaThis study aimed to investigate thalamic shape alterations and their relationships with various episodic memory impairments in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). MethodsaaWe compared volumes and morphological alterations of the thalamus between aMCI subjects and healthy controls. In addition, we investigated the correlation between thalamic deformations and various memory impairments in aMCI subjects using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.ResultsaaThe normalized left thalamic volumes of the aMCI group were significantly smaller than those of the healthy control group (p<0.0001). aMCI subjects exhibited significant thalamic deformations in the left thalamic dorso-medial and antero-medial areas compared with healthy individuals. CERAD-K Word List Memory scores were significantly correlated with the left dorso-medial areas in aMCI subjects. There were no significant correlations between verbal fluency, Boston naming test, constructional praxis, Word List Recognition, and Visuospatial Recall scores and thalamic shape in aMCI subjects. Verbal delayed recall scores were also significantly correlated with the left dorso-medial areas in the aMCI group. ConclusionaaStructural alterations in the thalamic deformations in the left dorso-medial and antero-medial areas might be core underlying neurobiological mechanisms of thalamic dysfunction related to Word List Memory and delayed verbal recall in individuals with aMCI.Psychiatry Investig 2016;13(5):504-510

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“…How generalizable our findings are to sporadic Alzheimer’s disease is an important question. There is some evidence of early white matter tract degeneration in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease from DTI studies of mild cognitive impairment (Chua et al , 2008; Stebbins and Murphy, 2009) and thalamic atrophy has also been demonstrated in mild cognitive impairment (Pedro et al , 2012). In healthy control subjects at increased risk of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease due to possession of an apolipoprotein E4 allele, decreased fractional anisotropy has been found in several white matter tracts including the cingulum (Smith et al , 2010) and volume loss of the hippocampus, but not thalamus or striatum, has been observed (O’Dwyer et al , 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for presymptomatic change in thalamus and caudate in familial Alzheimer’s disease

Ryan

Keihaninejad

Shakespeare

et al. 2013

Brain

180

167

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Amyloid imaging studies of presymptomatic familial Alzheimer’s disease have revealed the striatum and thalamus to be the earliest sites of amyloid deposition. This study aimed to investigate whether there are associated volume and diffusivity changes in these subcortical structures during the presymptomatic and symptomatic stages of familial Alzheimer’s disease. As the thalamus and striatum are involved in neural networks subserving complex cognitive and behavioural functions, we also examined the diffusion characteristics in connecting white matter tracts. A cohort of 20 presenilin 1 mutation carriers underwent volumetric and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological and clinical assessments; 10 were symptomatic, 10 were presymptomatic and on average 5.6 years younger than their expected age at onset; 20 healthy control subjects were also studied. We conducted region of interest analyses of volume and diffusivity changes in the thalamus, caudate, putamen and hippocampus and examined diffusion behaviour in the white matter tracts of interest (fornix, cingulum and corpus callosum). Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were also used to provide unbiased whole-brain analyses of group differences in volume and diffusion indices, respectively. We found that reduced volumes of the left thalamus and bilateral caudate were evident at a presymptomatic stage, together with increased fractional anisotropy of bilateral thalamus and left caudate. Although no significant hippocampal volume loss was evident presymptomatically, reduced mean diffusivity was observed in the right hippocampus and reduced mean and axial diffusivity in the right cingulum. In contrast, symptomatic mutation carriers showed increased mean, axial and in particular radial diffusivity, with reduced fractional anisotropy, in all of the white matter tracts of interest. The symptomatic group also showed atrophy and increased mean diffusivity in all of the subcortical grey matter regions of interest, with increased fractional anisotropy in bilateral putamen. We propose that axonal injury may be an early event in presymptomatic Alzheimer’s disease, causing an initial fall in axial and mean diffusivity, which then increases with loss of axonal density. The selective degeneration of long-coursing white matter tracts, with relative preservation of short interneurons, may account for the increase in fractional anisotropy that is seen in the thalamus and caudate presymptomatically. It may be owing to their dense connectivity that imaging changes are seen first in the thalamus and striatum, which then progress to involve other regions in a vulnerable neuronal network.

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Volumetric Brain Changes in Thalamus, Corpus Callosum and Medial Temporal Structures: Mild Alzheimers Disease Compared with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Normative data for subcortical regional volumes over the lifetime of the adult human brain

Normative data for subcortical regional volumes over the lifetime of the adult human brain

P3–082: Thalamic shape and cognitive performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for presymptomatic change in thalamus and caudate in familial Alzheimer’s disease

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Volumetric Brain Changes in Thalamus, Corpus Callosum and Medial Temporal Structures: Mild Alzheimers Disease Compared with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Normative data for subcortical regional volumes over the lifetime of the adult human brain

Normative data for subcortical regional volumes over the lifetime of the adult human brain

P3–082: Thalamic shape and cognitive performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for presymptomatic change in thalamus and caudate in familial Alzheimer’s disease

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Volumetric Brain Changes in Thalamus, Corpus Callosum and Medial Temporal Structures: Mild Alzheimers Disease Compared with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment