Volumetric Assessment of Epicardial Adipose Tissue With Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Flüchter, Stephan; Haghi, Dariush; Dinter, Dietmar; Heberlein, Wolf; Kühl, Harald P.; Neff, Wolfgang; Sueselbeck, Tim; Borggrefe, Martin; Papavassiliu, Theano

doi:10.1038/oby.2007.591

Cited by 172 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…17,[19][20][21][22] Previous studies have shown that diabetic obese humans and rodents have elevated hepatic, myocellular and myocardial lipid content, and that treatment with pioglitazone leads to decreased hepatic and myocardial lipid together with improved insulin sensitivity. 23 Assessment of EF volume (EFV) and myocardial TG content (MTGC) has already been validated [24][25][26] with the emergence of non-invasive three-dimensional volumetric imaging techniques such as 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This technique is also useful to address the relationship between excess myocardial lipids and impaired myocardial function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of epicardial fat volume and myocardial triglyceride content in severely obese subjects: relationship to metabolic profile, cardiac function and visceral fat

et al. 2011

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Objective: To assess epicardial fat volume (EFV), myocardial TG content (MTGC) and metabolic profile in severely obese patients, and to determine whether ectopic fat depots are linked to metabolic disorders or myocardial function. Research design and methods: Sixty-three subjects with normal LV function and no coronary artery disease, including 33 lean (BMI: 21.4 ± 2.0 kg m À2 ) and 30 obese (BMI: 41.8 ± 6 kg m À2 ) patients, underwent 3-T cardiovascular MRI, and anthropometric, biological and visceral abdominal fat (VAT) assessments. EFV was measured by short-axis slice imaging and myocardial (intra-myocellular) TG content was measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: EFV and MTGC were positively correlated (r ¼ 0.52, Po0.0001), and were both strongly correlated with age, BMI, waist circumference and VAT, but not with severity of obesity. EFV and MTGC were significantly higher in obese patients than in lean controls (141±18 versus 79±7 ml, P ¼ 0.0001; 1.0±0.1 versus 0.6±0.1%, P ¼ 0.01, respectively), but some differences were found between the two cardiac depots: EFV was higher in diabetic obese subjects as compared with that in non-diabetic obese subjects (213±34 versus 141±18 ml, P ¼ 0.03), and was correlated with parameters of glucose tolerance (fasting plasma glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR), whereas MTGC was not. EFV and MTGC were both associated with parameters of lipid profile or inflammation (TGs, CRP). Remarkably, this was VAT-dependent, as only VAT remained independently associated with metabolic parameters (Po0.01). Concerning myocardial function, MTGC was the only parameter independently associated with stroke volume (b ¼ À0.38, P ¼ 0.01), suggesting an impact of cardiac steatosis in cardiac function. Conclusions: These data show that VAT dominates the relationship between EFV, MTGC and metabolic measures, and uncover specific partitioning of cardiac ectopic lipid deposition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of epicardial fat volume and myocardial triglyceride content in severely obese subjects: relationship to metabolic profile, cardiac function and visceral fat

et al. 2011

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“…Gorter et al (19) docu-mented in a CT study that patients with high body mass index (>27 kg/m 2 ) have more EAT volume than those with a BMI <27 kg/m 2 . Both MRI and echocardiographic studies support that EAT strongly and independently reflect intra-abdominal visceral fat (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 83%

“…In addition, mean EFT can be calculated by averaging results from the long-axis and short-axis measurements. MRI also allows quantitative assessment of the amount of EAT at the end diastole in the short-axis views covering the entire left and right ventricle by using the modified Simpson's rule with integration over the image slices (20).…”

Section: Imaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial adipose tissue: a review of physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications

Şengül¹,

Özveren²

2013

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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Visceral fat tissue is an important predictor of cardio-metabolic diseases, carrying more risk than general fat accumulation. Epicardial fat, a particular form of visceral fat deposited around the heart, is considered an important cardiovascular risk predictor, in view of producing and releasing several adipo-cytokines. There is growing evidence about the physiological and metabolic importance of epicardial fat. Epicardial fat thickness and volume have both strong correlation between obesity, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Epicardial fat can be assessed by transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. In this article, we reviewed the anatomy, physiology, function, and the methods of assessment of epicardial fat tissue. We also have tried to discuss its relationship to metabolic syndrome and coronary atherosclerosis in the lights of recent findings. (

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“…Furthermore there are substantial individual differences in pericardial fat distribution, therefore single point measurements used in echocardiography are unlikely to accurately quantify the absolute amount of fat. It was first shown by Fluechter et al that CMR measurement of epicardial fat volume is feasible, [22] and CMR has recently been validated in the assessment of pericardial adipose tissue volume in an ovine model showing a strong correlation between CMRderived paracardial adipose tissue volume and ex vivo paracardial fat mass [23]. The metabolically active epicardial fat, comparable to visceral fat deposits, is associated with cardiovascular disease, its risk factors and the metabolic syndrome [14,32] as well as with systemic markers of inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21] It has been shown that the assessment of the amount of epicardial fat assessed by a CMR-based volumetric approach is superior to conventional imaging techniques such as echocardiography [22] and accurately reflects pericardial adipose tissue mass [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Weight Loss on Pericardial Fat and Left Ventricular Mass Assessed with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Morbid Obesity

Schneiter¹,

Warrier²,

Lefkovits³

et al. 2011

IJCM

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Volumetric Assessment of Epicardial Adipose Tissue With Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract: Quantitative assessment of epicardial fat mass using the CMR-based volumetric approach is feasible and yields superior reproducibility compared with conventional methods.

Cited by 172 publications

References 23 publications

Assessment of epicardial fat volume and myocardial triglyceride content in severely obese subjects: relationship to metabolic profile, cardiac function and visceral fat

Assessment of epicardial fat volume and myocardial triglyceride content in severely obese subjects: relationship to metabolic profile, cardiac function and visceral fat

Epicardial adipose tissue: a review of physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications

Effects of Weight Loss on Pericardial Fat and Left Ventricular Mass Assessed with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Morbid Obesity

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